1 Abstract—This study vitalized the uncertainty and fuzzy rules consideration in the estimation of phosphorus loadings and eutrophication status of the hydrologic system namely detention pond using Fuzzy Logic (MATLAB). These methods were chosen to cater for the uncertainty of loading factors such as sediment and phosphorus inflow, inflowing discharge and pond storage volume. The average of pho...

Concentrations and loadings (output, number day-' km-2) of fecal coliform (FC) indicator bacteria were measured from 1979 through 1984 in streamflow from 13 forested watersheds under the following range management strategies: (A) no grazing; (B) grazing without management for livestock distribution; (C) grazing with management to obtain livestock distribution, and (ID) grazing with management t...

Simulation of Dynamic Response in Materials is to construct a virtual test facility (VTF) for computing the 3D response of various target materials under compressive, tensional, and shear loadings, including loadings generated by high explosives. (For information on shock-compression experiments, see the “Shock-compression science” sidebar.) Our objective is to design a software environment tha...

The implied volatility of an option as a function of strike price and time to maturity forms a volatility surface. Traders price according to the dynamics of this high dimensional surface. Recent developments that employ semiparametric models approximate the implied volatility surface (IVS) in a finite dimensional function space, allowing for a low dimensional factor representation of these dyn...

Designing woody fuel sampling methods that quickly, accurately and efficiently assess biomass at relevant spatial scales requires extensive knowledge of each sampling method’s strengths, weaknesses and tradeoffs. In this study, we compared various modifications of three common sampling methods (planar intercept, fixed-area microplot and photoload) for estimating fine woody surface fuel componen...

Abstract Experiments are carried out to determine the effects of particle size and mass loading on free-field blast wave from spherical, constant volume metalized explosive charges. The charges comprised gelled nitromethane with uniformly embedded aluminum, magnesium, or glass particles. Particle sizes varied over an order magnitude fractions up 50%. Peak overpressures directly measured within ...

In situ measurements of the sizes and concentrations of dust particles generated by the detonation of high explosives in clay soil near Leesville, La., sandy clay soil near Huntsville, Ala., and sandy soils near Orogrande, N.M. are reported. Measurements were generally made within 1 m of the surface (in one case 10 m) at distances ranging from 10 to approximately 50 m from the detonation point ...

Based on its positive environmental impact, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has been a gradual substitute for synthetic plastics used in diverse applications. The use of industrial limestone (ILS) as filler polymers can have advantages changing the properties pure polymers. Waste eggshells (WE) be seen an alternative to ILS they are also source calcium carbonate. To assess feasibility both types and si...

Aerosol particles produced from bubble bursting of natural seawater contain both sea salts and organic components. Depending on the temperature, pressure, and speed of drying, the salt components can form hydrates that bind water, slowing evaporation of the water, particularly if large particles or thick layers of salts undergo drying that is nonuniform and incomplete. The water bound in these ...