this paper investigates host condition factor, parasite interaction and metal accumulation in tilapia guineesis and host-parasite system in iddo area of lagos lagoon, nigeria. eighty specimens of t. guineensis from the lagoon were caught and dissected for intestinal helminth parasites. condition factors of all individuals were determined. median condition (k<2.62 and k>2.62) were used in groupi...

Clinical signs, para-clinical tests and gross lesion can be used for identification of parasite contamination. In most parasite contamination the clinical signs are not obvious. Thus, para-clinical tests and gross lesion play important roles in identifying parasite disease as all organs of animals such as skin, eyes, kidneys, liver and digestive tube can be affected by the parasites. Consequent...

In this study prevalence of parasites in 118 samples (62 foxes and 56 jackals) was investigated in Ilam province of Iran, in 2010-2013, situated in the western part of the national capital of Iran. The nematodes which were cleared in lactophenol, cestodes and acanthocephalans were stained using acetocarmine and haematoxylen, respectively for identification of the parasite species. Cryptosporidi...

In this study prevalence of parasites in 118 samples (62 foxes and 56 jackals) was investigated in Ilam province of Iran, in 2010-2013, situated in the western part of the national capital of Iran. The nematodes which were cleared in lactophenol, cestodes and acanthocephalans were stained using acetocarmine and haematoxylen, respectively for identification of the parasite species. Cryptosporidi...

Background & Aims: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate, intracellular parasite, which is widely spread in the world. The parasite is able to infect all warm-blooded hosts including humans and farm animals. The infection in humans often occurs after the ingestion of raw or undercooked meat containing tissue cysts. Several methods have been applied to detect this parasite in contaminated foods. Reco...

Questions: Can vertically transmitted parasites (VTPs) serve as indirect mutualists by excluding more virulent, horizontally transmitted parasites (HTPs)? How does the efficiency of vertical transmission affect: (1) the equilibrium number of hosts infected by each type of parasite; (2) the total number of hosts in the population; and (3) virulence of the horizontally transmitted parasite? How d...

Research in host-parasite evolutionary ecology has demonstrated that environmental variation plays a large role in mediating the outcome of parasite infection. For example, crowding or low food availability can reduce host condition and make them more vulnerable to parasite infection. This observation that poor-condition hosts often suffer more from parasite infection compared to healthy hosts ...

The virulence of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is mediated by parasite proteins exported to the surface of infected erythrocytes. In this issue, Maier et al. (2008) report a screen of malaria parasite genes predicted to be involved in parasite protein export and trafficking within the host erythrocyte and discover that many more than expected are essential for parasite survival in ...

Many studies have identified various host behavioural and ecological traits that are associated with parasite infection, including host gregariousness. By use of meta-analyses, we investigated to what degree parasite prevalence, intensity and species richness are correlated with group size in gregarious species. We predicted that larger groups would have more parasites and higher parasite speci...