Vegetation can play a major role in the hydrologic ecosystem service tradeoffs resulting from land use change: by affecting the volume of rain water that reaches the ground surface, vegetation affects water supply. But because canopy interception of rainfall is affected in complex and competing ways by forest structure and ambient weather conditions, both of which vary at small and large scales...

Canopy interception, throughfall, stemflow, and runoff have received considerable attention during the study of water balance and hydrological processes in forested ecosystems. Past research has either neglected or underestimated the role of hydrological functions of litter layers, although some studies have considered the impact of various characteristics of rainfall and litter on litter inter...

to investigate the effect of plant density and supplemental irrigation on agronomic characteristics, chlorophyll content and light interception beneath the canopy of three chickpea genotypes under dryland conditions, an experiment was conducted at research station of lorestan agricultural research center located at chegini, khoramabad, during 2004-2005. the study was conducted using a split-spl...

Recent reports have highlighted incidents of massive Internet traffic interception executed by rerouting BGP paths across the globe (affecting banks, governments, entire network service providers, etc.). The potential impact of these attacks can range from massive eavesdropping to identity spoofing or selective content modification. In addition, executing such attacks does not require access or...

The Eternal system is a CORBA 2.0-compliant system that enhances the CORBA standard with replication and thus fault tolerance. The novel interception approach implemented in the Eternal system involves capturing IIOPspecific system calls made by the ORB, and subsequently mapping these calls onto a reliable multicast group communication system. The motivation for the use of this approach is that...

The exact mechanisms by which humans control the manual interception of moving targets are currently unknown. Here, the authors explored the behaviors associated with the spatial control for manual interception. The examined task required controlling a cursor to intercept moving targets on a touch screen. They explored the effects of target motion direction, curvature and occlusion on manual in...

In the present contribution the problem of signal interception in a virtual MIMO scenario is considered. A possible distributed signal interception algorithm which is able to detect and discriminate between two similar OFDM signals is analyzed. Distributed and stand-alone algorithms are compared through simulations in a multipath environment and the different levels of cooperation required amon...

This work develops methods to account for shoot structure in models of coniferous canopy radiative transfer. Shoot structure, as it varies along the light gradient inside canopy, affects the efficiency of light interception per unit needle area, foliage biomass, or foliage nitrogen. The clumping of needles in the shoot volume also causes a notable amount of multiple scattering of light within c...