BACKGROUND Despite intensive-alkylator based regimens, >50% of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) die from recurrent disease that is probably due, in part, to acquired alkylator resistance. PROCEDURE Using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO)-mediated, glutathione (GSH) depletion to modulate melphalan (L-PAM) resistance, we examined six NB cell lines established after progressive disease foll...

Pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) is caused by Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IEs) that bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) in the placenta by PAM-associated clonally variant surface antigens (VSA). Pregnancy-specific VSA (VSA(PAM)), which include the PfEMP1 variant VAR2CSA, are targets of IgG-mediated protective immunity to PAM. Here, we report an investigation of the specifici...

Stimulation of the human monocytic cell line Mono Mac 6 with the synthetic lipopeptide (S)-(2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-(2RS)-propyl)-N-palmitoyl-(R)-Cys-(S)-Ser(S)-Lys(4)-OH, trihydrochloride (Pam(3)Cys) at 10 microg/ml induces a rapid expression of the TNF gene in a TLR2-dependent fashion. Preculture of the cells with Pam(3)Cys at 1 microg/ml leads to a reduced response after subsequent stimulation...

Non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP) has attracted attention in cancer therapy. We explored the indirect effect of NEAPP through plasma-activated medium (PAM) on pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, four pancreatic cancer cell lines were used and the antitumor effects of PAM treatment were evaluated using a cell proliferation assay. To explore functional m...

alpha-Amidation is catalyzed by two enzymatic activities, peptidyl-glycine alpha-hydroxylating mono-oxygenase (PHM) and peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase (PAL), denoted collectively as peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating mono-oxygenase (PAM), which also may include transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. PAM is present in mammalian pancreas, where it appears to be abundant in the ...

BACKGROUND Polyglycolic acid mesh (PAM) reinforcement of colonic anastomoses were evaluated. METHODS Twenty female albino rabbits were divided into two groups. Each rabbit underwent segmental colonic resection with single-layer anastomosis. In one group of rabbits, PAM of length equal to the circumference of the anastomosis was applied. Rabbits were sacrificed on postoperative day 10 and peri...

First proposed in the 1970s for non-destructive testing, the modern reincarnation of photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) has major impact in bio-medicine, spanning a wide range of applications from flow cytometry and cancer research to ophthalmology, neuroimaging and cardiovascular diagnostics. The hybrid nature of PAM combining optical excitation and acoustic detection provides it with a number of ...

In this study, the performance of a centrifugal pump is investigated by adding polyacrylamide (PAM) polymer over the working fluid which is tap water in this case. PAM is a long chain polymer that leads to reduce the wall shear stress and drag in a turbulent fluid. Three different blade profiles including radial, straight backward and circular backward have been examined. For this purpose, a ce...