Radiation therapy is used postoperatively as adjunctive therapy to decrease local failure; to delay tumor progression and prolong survival; as a curative treatment; as a therapy that halts further tumor growth; to alter function; and for palliation. Registration of MRI scan data sets with the treatment-planning CT scan is essential for accurate definition of the tumor and surrounding organs at ...

The diagnosis of metastatic melanoma portends a poor prognosis, and no treatment modality has yet demonstrated sufficient efficacy to claim a role as the standard of care. Systemic therapy is considered by some to be the mainstay of treatment, but even the most effective agents have modest results, and systemic therapy offers little benefit in patients with metastases to the central nervous sys...

Background In the current surgical era PA banding is not indicated as palliation or stage procedure for patients with large VSD and severe PAH. We have reviewed our institutions experience in patients undergoing VSD repair with previously failed PA banding. Failure of PA banding was defined as pulmonary to aortic systolic pressure ratio (PASPR) > 0.8 in period of at least 6 months after palliat...

BACKGROUND Combining bilateral pulmonary artery banding with arterial duct stenting, the hybrid approach achieves stage 1 palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome with different flow characteristics than those after the surgical Norwood procedures. Accordingly, we used computational modeling to assess some of these differences, including influence on systemic and cerebral oxygen deliverie...

INTRODUCTION Cryosurgery for tumoural ablation traditionally involves instilling liquid nitrogen into a tumoural bed. The inability to control precise delivery can result in potentially disastrous consequences of skin necrosis and nitrogen gas embolism. In this study, we evaluated a probe-based closed cryosurgical system, which eliminates these risks. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a pros...