We discuss non-pain problems at end-of-life in this paper. Management of these problems is key to ensuring relief of suffering. Much of this paper is a reiteration of the material on common physical symptoms, which is presented in module 10 of the Education for Physicians on End-of-life Care (EPEC) project of the American Medical Association in conjunction with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

Context In their role as health care providers, student athletic therapists (SATs) are responsible for the prevention and management of injuries. To fully understand an injury, SATs require knowledge contributing factors, including medications use misuse. Opioid misuse by athletes to manage pain has been documented in literature, highlighting importance being able recognize opioid Opioids known...

BACKGROUND Pain is the most debilitating symptom in osteoarthritis of the knee (OAK). AIM AND METHODS To determine the short-term pain-relieving effects of seven commonly used pharmacological agents for OAK pain by performing a systematic review of randomised placebo-controlled trials. RESULTS In total, 14,060 patients in 63 trials were evaluated. Opioids and oral NSAIDs therapy in patients...

OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the present review was to determine what pain-relieving effect had been reported for acupuncture and other conscious sedation methods in assisted reproduction therapy since 1990. The secondary objective was to determine pregnancy rates, when possible. METHODS The data source was the Medline database of the National Library of Medicine covering the period Jan...

Toothache is a common problem throughout the world and can arise from causes like tooth decay and infected gums. While the former is treated with pain-relieving drugs, the latter may need treatment with antibiotics. Common pain-relieving drugs like Paracetamol, Aspirin and Diclofenac can produce adverse side-effects, while antibiotic use can lead to development of drug-resistant vectors, as wel...

Many physicians have poor understanding about the symptoms of terminal illness. There is also surprisingly little data about treating symptoms compared to treating disease. Subsequently pain and other forms of suffering are often under-treated, despite the availability of effective interventions. Fear of retribution is often coupled with the moral notion that aggressive pain treatment may cause...

Total hip replacement is one of the most common orthopaedic reconstructive procedures performed today, with more than 40 000 replacements completed annually in Canada. New surgical techniques and materials have led to procedures that produce profound changes in the lives of patients and allow them to resume virtually all of their previous activities. Sir John Charnley developed low-friction art...