a field study was made to investigate the learning needs of patients with pacemaker in shahid rajaii heart hospital's out-patient clinic (1994). a total of 60 patients with pacemaker were selected sequentially from the total population that had a pacemaker and attended the out-patient clinic in shahid rajaii hospital. the subjects met the criteria for participating in this study. the tool ...

With an increasing awareness of the needs of the disabled comes a major surge in research into ways of helping them through technology. One speciic area is the use of computer-generated speech output to overcome the disability of being non-verbal. Many such`communicators' are presently available, but they are only able to converse at a relatively low rate. This paper describes a method of impro...

We describe and analyze the password-based key establishment protocol PACE v2 Integrated Mapping (IM), an evolution of PACE v1 jointly proposed by Gemalto and Sagem Sécurité. PACE v2 IM enjoys the following properties: – patent-freeness (to the best of current knowledge in the field); – full resistance to dictionary attacks, secrecy and forward secrecy in the security model agreed upon by the C...

Today, humans inhabit most of the world's terrestrial habitats. This observation has been explained by the fact that we possess a secondary inheritance mechanism, culture, in addition to a genetic system. Because it is assumed that cultural evolution occurs faster than biological evolution, humans can adapt to new ecosystems more rapidly than other animals. This assumption, however, has never b...

A fter perusing the articles and guest editors’ introduction for this issue on extreme data, I googled “extreme,” and hundreds of links bubbled up—from computing, coupons, data, and fatigue, to science, scientists and science fun, to “extreme x” (don’t ask). I then concluded that “extreme” has become an unreliable buzzword, used somewhat indiscriminately for its shock value. That said, the fact...