The 1987 Montreal Protocol regulating emissions of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozonedepleting substances (ODSs) was motivated primarily by the harm to human health and ecosystems arising from increased exposure to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation associated with depletion of the ozone layer. It is now known that the Montreal Protocol has helped reduce radiative forcing of the climate sys...

Gold surfaces have been found to be hydrophilic only after exhaustive preparation and with the ultimate care in sample preparation and treatment. The use of a combination of ultraviolet ~UV! light and ozone has been described as a viable method of producing a clean, hydrophilic, gold surface. We have found that gold surfaces, which have been either stored in the laboratory after vacuum depositi...

Actinic fluxes at large solar zenith angles (SZAs) are important for atmospheric chemistry, especially under twilight conditions in polar winter and spring. The results of a sensitivity experiment employing the fully coupled 3D chemistry-climate model ECHAM4.L39(DLR)/CHEM have been analysed to quantify the impact of SZAs larger than 87.5 on dynamical and chemical processes in the lower stratosp...

[1] Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) observations from 1997–2000 have revealed the Tibetan Middle Tropospheric Ozone Minimum (TMTOM), a lowozone layer that occurs in the middle troposphere over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in June. Ozone profiles were derived from GOME observations and validated by ozonesonde measurements at two stations (Lhasa and Xining) over the TP. The mean bias is 5–1...

Observing the world-wide concentration and distribution of ozone is important for monitoring the evolution of the ozone layer, to derive the amount of UV, to provide ozone and UV forecasts and to improve weather forecasting. Monitoring ozone is the primary function of the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment. Each day, space missions download, from space to ground, many raw images that are stored...