A highly efficient technique of contaminant gas reduction, Turbulent Contact Absorber (TCA), is applied to CO2 removal from a typical flue gas. Aqueous K2CO3 sorbent was evaluated as a regenerable sorbent for CO2 from the flue gas. In order to identify the system, momentum and mass balance equations were written for the TCA tower. A flat plate falling film model was employed to simulate the TCA...

A seller can make investments that affect a tradable asset’s future returns. The potential buyer of the asset cannot observe the seller’s investment prior to trade, nor does he receive any signal of it, nor can he verify it in anyway after trade. Despite this severe moral hazard problem, this paper shows the seller will invest with positive probability in equilibrium and that trade will occur w...

T complexity and scope of outsourced information technology (IT) demands relationship-specific investments from vendors, which, when combined with contract incompleteness, may result in underinvestment and inefficient bargaining, referred to as the holdup problem. Using a unique data set of over 100 IT outsourcing contracts, we examine whether contract extensiveness, i.e., the extent to which f...

Pressure hydrometallurgy has attracted much attention for its characteristics, such as the high adaptability of raw materials and environmental friendliness. Flashing (flash boiling or flash evaporation) refers to phase change phenomenon from liquid gas triggered by depressurization, which is an important connection between high-pressure processes atmospheric ones in pressure hydrometallurgy. T...