Task-based machine translation (MT) evaluation asks, how well do people perform text-handling tasks given MT output? This method of evaluation yields an extrinsic assessment of an MT engine, in terms of users’ task performance on MT output. While this method is time-consuming, its key advantage is that MT users and stakeholders understand how to interpret the assessment results. Prior experimen...

Many problems in physics and modern computing are inverse problems problems where the desired output is known and the task is to nd the set of input parameters that will best reproduce that output in a hydrodynamics code hydrocode Optimiza tion methods tackle this type of problem and a central task in applying optimization methods is to be able to determine the gradient of the output with respe...

In this paper we examine a perceptron learning task. The task is realizable since it is provided by another perceptron with identical architecture. Both perceptrons have nonlinear sigmoid output functions. The gain of the output function determines the level of nonlinearity of the learning task. It is observed that a high level of nonlinearity leads to overfitting. We give an explanation for th...

in this study, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (moga) is utilized to extract interpretable and compact fuzzy rule bases for modeling nonlinear multi-input multi-output (mimo) systems. in the process of non- linear system identi cation, structure selection, parameter estimation, model performance and model validation are important objectives. furthermore, se- curing low-level and high-level ...

Quality Estimation (QE) is the task of predicting the quality of the output of Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications without relying on human references. This is a very appealing method for language output applications, i.e. applications that take as input a text and produce a different text as output, for example, Machine Translation, Text Summarisation and Text Simplification. For th...

The maneuvering problem involves two tasks. The first, called the geometric task, is to force the system output to converge to a desired path continuously parametrized by a scalar θ. The second task, called the dynamic task, is to satisfy a desired dynamic behavior along the path. In this paper, this dynamic behavior is further specified as a speed assignment for θ(t). While the main concern is...

Dissociation "automatico-voluntaire" is a symptom observed in aphasic patients. We elucidated the difference between voluntary and involuntary speech output in a quantitative manner using the same task materials in nine patients with Wernicke's aphasia. All the patients exhibited better ability and less paraphasias in a repetition task elicited in a disguised condition than in an ordinary repet...

A principal can observe both the output and input of an agent who works at a job involving multiple tasks. We provide a simple theory that explains why it may be optimal for the principal to use only output-based incentive contract, even though the principal can monitor the agent’s actions perfectly in all but one task and knows exactly which action is optimal for each task. (JEL: D82, M5, J33)