This study investigated the effects of planned focus-on-form instruction (pFFI) on developing oral grammatical accuracy in Iranian English EFL learners. To this end, 60 lower-intermediate EFL learners studying English in a private English language institute in Tehran, Iran, were randomly assigned to two classes. Both classes received a task-based instruction on grammatical points elicited in or...

We tackle the problem of target-free text-guided image manipulation, which requires one to modify input reference based on given text instruction, while no ground truth target is observed during training. To address this challenging task, we propose a Cyclic-Manipulation GAN (cManiGAN) in paper, able realize where and how edit regions interest. Specifically, editor cManiGAN learns identify comp...

L2 research has shown that instruction in L2 pragmatics is necessary. The current study evaluated the impact of explicit instruction on EFL learner's awareness and production of three speech acts of request, apology, and complaint. It also probed whether learners’ language proficiency plays any role in incorporating pragmatic instruction into the L2 classroom. Iranian undergraduate students maj...

 As an integrative component of textual structure, formulaic expressions (FEs) play a key role in communicating the message and comprehending the text. Furthermore, interlingually contrastive features of FEs add to their both significance and complexity of their instruction. Given these facts, this study was an attempt to explore a sound mechanism on how to teach FEs; whether an explicit or CA-...

The goal of this thesis is to design procedures for testing microprocessors and other VLSI based on their functional description (e.g., register transfer description) and instruction sets. The complete test is divided into three distinct phases: verification of the control functions, verification of the data-manipulation functions and verification of the input-output functions. The first and la...

A large body of crowdsourcing research focuses on using techniques from artificial intelligence to improve estimates of latent answers to questions, assuming fixed (latent) worker quality. Recently, researchers have begun to investigate how best to actively improve worker quality through instruction (Basu & Christensen, 2013; Singla et al., 2014). However, none of the existing work considers th...

abstract genre-based approach has been the focus of interest in the teaching of language since the mid1980s. genre is defined in terms of the use of language in conventionalized communicative settings. the present study made an attempt to scrutinize the effects of genre-based pedagogy on iranian pre-intermediate efl leaners' reading comprehension as well as the interaction between their re...

1 I n t r o d u c t i o n Computer designers and computer architects have been striving to improve uniprocessor performance since the invention of computers. The next step in this quest for higher performance is the exploitation of significant amounts of instruction-level parallelism. Therefore, superscalar and VLIW (very large instruction word) machines have been designed, which can execute se...