The release of nascent RNA from transcribing RNA polymerase complexes is required for all further functions carried out by RNA molecules. The elements and processing machinery involved in 3' end formation therefore represent key determinants in the biogenesis and accumulation of cellular RNA. While these factors have been well-characterized for messenger RNA, recent work has elucidated analogou...

INTRODUCTION Autoimmune diseases are chronic conditions initiated by the loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigens. They constitute heterogeneous group of disorders, in which multiple alterations in the immune system result in a spectrum of syndromes that either target specific organs or affect the body systematically. Recent epidemiological studies have shown a possible shift of one aut...

This work focuses on the use of non-verbal methods of communicating affect in non-anthropomorphic appearance-constrained robots. The concepts discussed can be applied to other types of robotic systems. The paper gives a survey of relevant literature from the psychology community. Non-verbal methods of affective expression cannot be the sole means of communicating affect in robotic systems; howe...

A number of mosquito-borne viruses in the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, cause significant illnesses in humans. These diseases include dengue, yellow fever, West Nile fever, Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis and Murray Valley encephalitis. The viruses cause syndromes that can be generally classified as one of three types: haemorrhagic fever, fever with rash and arthralgia, a...

There are a variety of methods in the literature which seek to make iterative estimation algorithms more manageable by breaking the iterations into a greater number of simpler or faster steps. Those algorithms which deal at each step with a proper subset of the parameters are called in this paper partitioned algorithms. Partitioned algorithms in effect replace the original estimation problem wi...

The estimated prevalence of NonAlcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the general population in western countries is about 30%, but it is higher among obese and diabetic people. It is likely that more sophisticated approaches are required to understand its pathogenesis and to develop drug targets. In the meantime, the range of associations between NAFLD and other illnesses broadens. Although associat...

There are several viral infections which are known to cause lymphoma among animals; all establish latency in lymphoid cells. The human T-lymphotropic virus type I is a human virus which causes lymphomas among a subset of carriers. However, this virus is very restricted in its distribution and as such, is unlikely to play a role in the increase of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). A highly prevalent...

...................................................................................96 Background...............................................................................97 Materials and Methods..................................................................99 Results....................................................................................102 Discussion...........................

Buddhist traditions understand emptiness in various ways, and two streams of interpretation, “self-emptiness” (rang stong) and “other-emptiness” (gzhan stong), have emerged in Tibet that help bring into focus the extent to which interpretations diverge.1 In contrast to self-emptiness, other-emptiness does not refer to a phenomenon’s lack of its own essence; it refers to the ultimate reality’s l...