BACKGROUND The mechanism whereby bone activates resorptive behavior in osteoclasts, the cells that resorb bone, is unknown. It is known that α(v)β(3) ligands are important, because blockade of α(v)β(3) receptor signaling inhibits bone resorption, but this might be through inhibition of adhesion or migration rather than resorption itself. Nor is it known whether α(v)β(3) ligands are sufficient f...

Long-term aseptic failures of joint replacements are generally attributed to implant debris-induced inflammation and osteolysis. This response is largely mediated by immune and bone cells (monocytes/macrophages and osteoclasts, respectively), that in the presence of implant debris (e.g. metal particles and ions), release pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. The relative de...

β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramics are approved for the repair of osseous defects. In large defects, however, the substitution of the material by authentic bone is inadequate to provide sufficient long-term mechanical stability. We aimed to develop composites of β-TCP ceramics and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) to enhance the formation of osteoclasts and promote ce...

In vitro differentiation into functional osteoclasts is routinely achieved by incubation of embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, or primary as well as cryopreserved spleen and bone marrow-derived cells with soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand and macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Additionally, osteoclasts can be derived from co-cultures with osteobla...

BACKGROUND Osteoclast formation is closely related to the immune system. FTY720, a new immunosuppressive agent, has some functions in immune regulation. Its main active ingredients become FTY-720P in vivo by phosphorylation modification. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of FTY-720 with various concentrations on osteoclasts in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS RAW264.7 cells an...

Differentiation of derived from in vitro-incubated adult human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), isolated bone marrow, cartilage and adipose tissue, respectively, by application appropriate incubation conditions, to osteoclasts, was investigated proved. The current results show the importance changes mitochondrial dynamics about differentiation male germ (spermatogonia) mature functional activity ...

This study investigated the effects of alendronate (ALN) on critical cell factors in osteoclasts. RAW 264.7 cells were induced by sRANKL to change to mature osteoclasts. On the sixth day of incubation, the osteoclasts were treated with ALN at various concentrations and for different incubation times. The concentration groups included 10-5 M, 10-6 M and 10-7 M ALN, respectively. The cells were i...

Quantitative transmission electron microscope methods were used to determine the response of functionally inactive avian medullary bone osteoclasts to parathyroid hormone (PTH). Egg-lying Japanese quail were used during a period of the egg cycle when medullary bone was not being resorbed for egg shell calcification and when medullary bone osteoclasts were functionally inactive. Ruffled borders ...

Osteoclasts are derived from myeloid lineage cells, and their differentiation is supported by various osteotropic factors, including the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family member TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE). Genetic deletion of TRANCE or its receptor, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB (RANK), results in severely osteopetrotic mice with no osteoclasts in their bone...

We show for the first time that imaging of osteoarthritic subchondral bone with 99mTc-sestamibi (MIBI) may be a valuable diagnostic tool to assess the severity of subchondral sclerosis. This is a report on a patient who had osteoarthritis of both knees and where MIBI was accumulated in the lesion sites. Due to the accumulation of MIBI in the bone, we believe that excessive stress had been appli...