Topiramate is an anti-epileptic drug that commonly prescribed not just to prevent seizures but also migraine headaches, with over 8 million prescriptions dispensed annually. use during pregnancy has been linked significantly increased risk of babies born orofacial clefts (OFCs). However, the exact molecular mechanism topiramate teratogenicity unknown. In this study, we first used unbiased antib...

Orofacial clefts (OFC) are among the commonest birth defect in developed and developing countries alike. In underdeveloped countries, babies born with oral generally anaemic low weight may be unfit for surgery. The surgical reconstruction is also challenging aesthetic outcome cannot guaranteed by surgeon. Presurgical nasoalveolar moulding (PNAM) has been suggested to bridge gap between clefted ...