The seven species belonging to Tychobythinus theryi group are revised. Tychobythinus theryi (Guillebeau, 1894), Tychobythinus bordei (Peyerimhoff, 1919), Tychobythinus longipalpis (Normand, 1930), Tychobythinus normandi (Jeannel, 1956) and Tychobythinus peyerimhoffi (Jeannel, 1956) are redescribed and illustrated, and Tychobythinus besucheti Sabella sp. n. from northeastern Algeria is described...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The seasonal effect on the relapse of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathies is still unclear. To assess the seasonal distribution of relapse onset in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthropathy (SpA) and its association with solar factors. METHODS The monthly distribution of relapse onsets during the years 1998-2000 was retrospectively chart reviewed in...

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare autoimmune disease that is characterized by inflammatory reaction of unknown etiology and destruction of cartilaginous structures. Characteristic symptoms of this disease include cartilage inflammation of the ear, nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, joints, eyes, heart and skin. Concomitance with neurologic symptom is very rare in RP, and the detailed underly...

Relapsing polychondritis, an uncommon, chronic, multisystem disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation of cartilaginous tissues, can be life-threatening, debilitating, and difficult to diagnose. This review is based on the authors' experience with 36 patients with relapsing polychondritis who were followed from 1980 to 1997, 30 patients located elsewhere who completed a detail...

Tick-borne relapsing fever is caused by spirochetes within the genus Borrelia. The hallmark of this disease is recurrent febrile episodes and high spirochete densities in mammalian blood resulting from immune evasion. Between episodes of spirochetemia when bacterial densities are low, it is unknown whether ticks can acquire the spirochetes, become colonized by the bacteria, and subsequently tra...