In everyday acoustic scenes, figure-ground segregation typically requires one to group together sound elements over both time and frequency. Electroencephalogram was recorded while listeners detected repeating tonal complexes composed of a random set of pure tones within stimuli consisting of randomly varying tonal elements. The repeating pattern was perceived as a figure over the randomly chan...

Background and purposeOsteoradionecrosis (ORN) affects the patient’s quality of life by making eating maintaining oral hygiene painful. This study aimed to analyze carbon ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT)-induced ORN mandible.Materials methodsA retrospective 199 patients with head neck tumors treated C-ion RT was performed from 2010 2019. Only 11 located in oropharynx floor mouth were analyzed. consi...

In the past, osteomyelitis was frequent and characterized by a prolonged course, treatment response uncertainty, and occasional disfigurement. Today, the disease is less common; it is believed that the decline in prevalence may be attributed to increased availability of antibiotics and improvement of overall health patterns. Currently, more common osteomyelitis variants are seen, namely, osteor...

Objective: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws is an important side effect head and neck cancer radiotherapy. The main objective this work was to evaluate expression RANK, RANKL OPG proteins, markers bone remodeling, in rats submitted Material Methods: Six-month-old male Wistar were divided into two groups: Irradiated group (IR), which received a single dose 20 Gy jaw after seven days had thei...

PURPOSE To assess the prevalence and dosimetric and clinical predictors of mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in patients with head and neck cancer who underwent a pretherapy dental evaluation and prophylactic treatment according to a uniform policy and were treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS Between 1996 and 2005, all patients with head-and-neck canc...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The effect of L-ornithine (ORN) and L-ornithine-L-aspartate (OA) therapy on "extracerebral" nitrogen metabolism, brain metabolism and neurotransmission has been investigated in portacaval shunted rats with hyperammonemia-induced encephalopathy. METHODS One day before ammonium-acetate infusion, a portacaval shunt was performed in three experimental groups: 1-control rats, 2-ORN...

The peripheral olfactory system of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus--located on paired antennules--undergoes continual postembryonic development. This process includes continuous addition of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) related to indeterminate growth, continuous replacement, and regeneration when necessitated by damage. We have shown previously that new olfactory tissue is continually ad...

The processing of odor-evoked activity in the olfactory bulb (OB) of zebrafish was studied by extracellular single unit recordings from the input and output neurons, i.e., olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and mitral cells (MCs), respectively. A panel of 16 natural amino acid odors was used as stimuli. Responses of MCs, but not ORNs, changed profoundly during the first few hundred milliseconds ...

A single type of olfactory sensilla on maxillary palps in many species of mosquitoes houses a very sensitive olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) for carbon dioxide reception. We performed extensive single sensillum recordings from this peg sensillum in Culex quinquefasciatus and have characterized the response threshold and kinetics for CO(2) reception, with a detection threshold less than the CO(2...