Organophosphate compounds can bind to carboxylesterase, which may lower the concentration of organophosphate pesticides at the target site enzyme, cholinesterase. It is unclear from the literature whether it is the carboxylesterase affinity for the organophosphate and/or the number of carboxylesterase molecules that is the dominant factor in determining the protective potential of carboxylester...

BACKGROUND Toxicity of organophosphate insecticides is mainly due to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, organophosphate insecticides in acute, as well as in chronic and subchronic intoxication may lead to oxidative stress causing the enhancement of lipid peroxidation and changing the activities of antioxidative enzymes. Paraoxonase PON1 is synthesized by the liver. This enz...

background:organophosphates are commercially available agrochemicals for pest control, but may be abused for deliberate self-poisoning. we report a case of suicidal ingestion of dimethoate, a moderately toxic organophosphate insecticide, which can cause refractory hemodynamic instability, and the successful use of methylene blue (mb) for counteracting this complication. case presentation: an un...

background: the effective therapeutic dose of pralidoxime methylsulphate for organophosphate (op) poisoning is necessary to be clarified. this study was designed to comparatively assess the blood level of pralidoxime (bpl) and clinical outcomes in op poisoned patients treated with intermittent dosing and patients treated with continuous infusion. methods: this was a prospective, open labelled, ...

From their randomised trial, Kirti Pawar and colleagues report in today’s Lancet on two pralidoxime-dosing schemes in 200 patients who had moderately severe self-poisoning with organophosphorus insecticide. After a 2-g loading dose over 30 min, half received a high-dose regimen of 1 g/h pralidoxime iodide for 48 h. The other half received a lower dose: 1 g/h every 4 h. After 48 h, the lower dos...

Organophosphorus compounds are common insecticidal agents used in India. Their use as a suicidal agent is also well known often leading to massive organophosphorus-compound intoxication. Although uncommon, delayed neurotoxicity has been consistently reported in literature probably related to the inhibition of neurotoxic esterase. This mechanism is implicated not only in damaging peripheral nerv...