today's organizations change their pay structure and pay for performance role increased in pay package. performance pay in every organizational level has been appear. many researches show that in high performance organizations, variable pay has critical role. another variable that is very important in designing compensation strategy is pay dispersion. with using hierarchical linear modelin...

Studying the effect of marketing tactical capabilities on the financial performance of the firms is now proposed as one of the most important priorities of marketing researches. However, the results of the studies in many academic fields that are conducted about a specific issue are usually contrasting. Meta-analysis is a research approach that helps the researcher to achieve a suitable combina...

This study focuses on the leadership structure at the very top of a firm. Specifically, it examines how the presence of a COO/president, who is separate from the CEO, affects strategic change and CEO dismissal. With longitudinal data on the tenures of 207 CEOs, results suggest that the presence of a separate COO/president increases the magnitude of strategic change under conditions of low firm ...

Innovation is broadly seen as an essential component of competitiveness, embedded in the organizational structures, processes, products, and services within a firm. The objective of this paper is to explore the effects of the organizational, process, product, and marketing innovations on the different aspects of firm performance, including innovative, production, market, and financial performan...

This paper examines the effects of co−specialized information technology (IT) on the growth and performance of IT−investing firms as a driver of competitive advantages. By adopting resource−based and dynamic−capability perspectives on firm−specific IT systems, we first identify the mechanisms of resource co−specialization strategy in the process of IT implementation as organizational restructur...