Quid is a mixture of substances that is placed in the mouth or actively chewed over an extended period, thus remaining in contact with the mucosa. It usually contains one or both of 2 basic ingredients, tobacco and areca nut. Betel quid or paan is a mixture of areca nut and slaked lime, to which tobacco can be added, all wrapped in a betel leaf. The specific components of this product vary betw...

oral submucous fibrosis is chronic progressive condition of oral cavity. the condition is well recognized for its malignant potential. usually the disease initiates with redness, blistering, and ulceration inside the mouth. it is characterized by progressive fibrosis of submucosal tissue. the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis is not well understood. betelquid chewing is the major etiologi...

Clinical data show a strong correlation between tobacco and alcohol use and the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). While this association implies that the oral mucosa actively metabolizes carcinogens, there is little information which depicts the carcinogen metabolizing enzymes within the oral cavity. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) primary function is to detoxify carcinogens ...

Background and Aim: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, inflammatory, T-cell-mediated autoimmune oral mucosal disease. Oral lichenoid lesions develop as a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. Both of these entities are potential precancerous conditions; this adds to their clinical significance. The purpose of this literature review was to detect the similarities and the differences of these le...

AIM To study, whether the consumption of regular tea/coffee (methylxanthines) increases the risk of oral cancer in patients with smoking and smokeless tobacco habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on a total of 90 oral cancer and precancerous patients, from western Maharashtra (India) males in the age group of 20 to 45 years who were with smoking and smokeless tobacco habits;...

PURPOSE The roles of intravisceral and subcutaneous fat are unknown, and the prevalence of precancerous lesions in obese patients was never evaluated. This study aims to assess the frequency and severity of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and to correlate pathologic findings with metabolic abnormalities, type of fat, and fatty pancreatic infiltration. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Normal p...

conclusions to promote the effect of printed images on cigarette packages, it is recommended to consider the suitability of labels in the targeted culture. in addition, to be more effective consultation sites to quit smoking should be introduced under the images. background health warning labels on cigarette packages are among the most straightforward and important tools to communicate with smo...

Oral cancer, an often fatal disease, has the fourth highest incidence of malignancy in males in Taiwan. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for >95% of all oral malignancies. Oral cancer is associated with chronic irritating factors, such as tobacco, smoking, alcohol and betel quid (BQ) use. Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking are the major risk factors in Western countries, whereas...