The two independent components of the gyration tensor of quartz, g(11) and g(33), have been spectroscopically measured using a transmission two-modulator generalized ellipsometer. The method is used to determine the optical activity in crystals in directions other than the optic axis, where the linear birefringence is much larger than the optical activity.

We present a path towards reconfigurable, electrically driven and integrated multiple-port optical circulators. Using this novel device architecture, we demonstrate a six-port circulator with 14.4 dB of isolation between adjacent ports, and four different working configurations. It can be straightforwardly expanded to larger port counts. Keywords—Optical isolators, optical circulators, magneto-...

A new type of optical rotation (OR) detector based on the phase retardation of the first-order diffraction beam has been constructed. The proposed detector responded to only OR properties by eliminating the circular dichroism (CD) effect. Thus, it could measure the optical rotatory dispersion curves in the Cotton band. Although the optical system requires the incident beam in which the phase re...

The optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and circular dichroism of the conformationally flexible carvone molecule has been investigated in 17 solvents and compared with results from calculations for the "free" (gas phase) molecule. The G3 method was used to determine the relative energies of the six conformers. The optical rotation of (R)-(-)-carvone at 589 nm was calculated using coupled cluster ...

The fractional Fourier transform is a mathematical operation that generalizes the well-known Fourier transform. This operation has been shown to have physical and optical fundamental meanings, and it has been experimentally implemented by relatively simple optical setups. Based on the fractional Fourier-transform operation, a new space-frequency chart definition is introduced. By the applicatio...

The spatial organization of the brain's object and face representations in the temporal lobe is critical for understanding high-level vision and cognition but is poorly understood. Recently, exciting progress has been made using advanced imaging and physiology methods in humans and nonhuman primates, and the combination of such methods may be particularly powerful. Studies applying these method...

The phenomenon of molecular optical activity manifests itself as the rotation of the plane of linear polarization when light passes through chiral media. Measurements of optical activity and its wavelength dependence, that is, optical rotatory dispersion, can reveal information about intricate properties of molecules, such as the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms comprising a molecule. Giv...

The nature of changes in the interference pattern caused by the presence of polarization-changing elements in one or both beams of an interferometer, in particular those caused by an effective optical activity due to passage of a polarized beam through a coiled optical fiber are clarified. It is pointed out that for an incident state that is not circularly polarized so that the two interfering ...

Jiangfeng Zhou,1,* Dibakar Roy Chowdhury,1 Rongkuo Zhao,2 Abul K. Azad,1 Hou-Tong Chen,1,† Costas M. Soukoulis,2 Antoinette J. Taylor,1 and John F. O’Hara1,‡ 1Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA 2Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, ...