AIM To determine the clinical features of amiodarone induced optic neuropathy, which may help distinguish it from non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. METHODS Retrospective observational case series of patients diagnosed with amiodarone induced optic neuropathy at the neuro-ophthalmology service from March 1998 to February 2001. Amiodarone was discontinued after discussion with ...

BACKGROUND Progressive disc tilting and the development or enlargement of peripapillary atrophy (PPA) are observed during a myopic shift in children. This could be related to the changes around the optic nerve head during eyeball elongation. If the biomechanical properties at or around the optic nerve head are changed after exposure to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma eyes, diffe...

The ratio of disc to macula/disc diameter is characteristically increased in eyes with optic nerve hypoplasia. We present the largest reported series of patients with a definitive diagnosis of optic nerve hypoplasia for whom this ratio has been determined. All measurements were made by an independent masked observer. Our results are in accordance with previous reports. A ratio of 2.94 provides ...

PURPOSE The pattern of neuroretinal rim loss and increase in the area of parapapillary atrophy in glaucoma depend on the localization of the central retinal vessel trunk in the lamina cribrosa. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether, in a similar way, the pattern of rim loss and progression of parapapillary atrophy are influenced by the presence and position of cilioretinal a...

Morning glory syndrome (MGS) is a rare congenital optic disc anomaly characterized by a funnel-shaped, excavated optic disc surrounded by chorioretinal pigmentary disturbance. The main ophthalomoscopic feature of the MGS is enlarged optic disc with a funnel shaped scleral defect; elevated peripapillary chorioretinal pigmentation; and pale fluffy tissue of glial hyperplasia overlying the optic d...

Takkar B, et al. BMJ Case Rep 2017. doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-221967 Description A 6-year-old boy presented as a known case of developmental glaucoma and was using topical travoprost in the right eye (RE) since 1 year. Highest recorded intraocular pressure (IOP) was 24 mm Hg in RE, whereas central corneal thickness was 540 μm. Visual acuity was 6/6 in both eyes. On examination, the anterior segment ...

Optic disc drusen (ODD) are benign congenital anomalies of the optic nerve characterized by calcified hyaline bodies. While superficial drusen can be diagnosed easily during fundus examination, detecting buried drusen requires the use of additional imaging methods such as B-scan ultrasonography (USG), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), computed tomography (CT) and fundus autofluorescence (FA...

Examination of stereoscopic optic disc photographs allowed accurate prediction of glaucomatous and normal fields to be made in 82 and 95% of eyes respectively and for visual field loss to be correctly located in upper and lower half in 83 and 91% of cases respectively. Despite this high correlation the existence of false positive and fale negative predictions means that the total reliance on op...

The development of optic stalk neuroepithelial cells depends on Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, yet the source(s) of Hh protein in the optic stalk is unknown. We provide genetic evidence that sonic hedgehog (Shh) from retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) promotes the development of optic disc and stalk neuroepithelial cells. We demonstrate that RGCs express Shh soon after differentiation, and cells at the op...

Different diseases of the optic disc may be caused by or lead to abnormal vasculature at the optic nerve head. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a novel technology that provides high resolution mapping of the retinal and optic disc vessels. Recent studies have shown the ability of OCTA to visualize vascular abnormalities in different optic neuropathies. In addition, quantified ...