We review the mechanism of gaugino condensation in the framework of the d = 10 heterotic string and its d = 11 extension of Horava and Witten. In particular we emphasize the relation between the gaugino condensate and the flux of the antisymmetric tensor fields of higher dimensional supergravity. Its potential role for supersymmetry breakdown and moduli stabilization is investigated.

Let G be the group of projectivities stabilizing a unital U in PG(2, q2) and let A,B be two distinct points of U . In this paper we prove that, if G has an elation group of order q with center A and a group of projectivities stabilizing both A and B of order a divisor of q − 1 greater than 2(√q − 1), then U is an ovoidal Buekenhout–Metz unital. From this result two group theoretic characterizat...

Background & Objective: This study aimed to determine the outcome of percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation (TPSF) in patients with thoracolumbar fractures.
 Material Methods: A total 157 fractures were included from Department Neurosurgery, LGH, PINS, Lahore. Patients evaluated plain X-rays, CT, and MRI scans. Neurological status was documented preoperatively postoperatively. All ...

Abdominopelvic trauma (APT) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the 15- to 44-year-old age group in the Western World. It can be life-threatening as abdominopelvic organs, specifically those in the retroperitoneal space, can bleed profusely. APT is divided into blunt and penetrating types. While surgery is notably considered as a definitive solution for bleeding control, it is...

Arthroscopic anatomic glenoid reconstruction (AAGR) has been described as a technique used to treat shoulder instability with bone loss. The original screw fixation and more recently, using buttons minimize potential subsequent removal. purpose of this study was compare patient reported outcomes incidence recurrence between the two groups. We performed retrospective review on consecutive patien...

Purpose: The aim of this follow up clinical study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2mm, 3-dimentional locking titanium miniplates. Patients and Method: A prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out on 10 patients with mandibular fractures. The patients were evaluated for the operating time, clinical assessment of mobility after fixation, occlusion, adequacy of reduction on postope...

INTRODUCTION Injuries to the ulnar joint area are common musculoskeletal injuries in children. Among them, proximal radial bone fractures are characterized by a variety of treatment methods applied and a risk of complications. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present paper is to present the types and treatment results of proximal radial bone fractures in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present s...

Purpose: The aim of this follow up clinical study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2mm, 3-dimentional locking titanium miniplates. Patients and Method: A prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out on 10 patients with mandibular fractures. The patients were evaluated for the operating time, clinical assessment of mobility after fixation, occlusion, adequacy of reduction on postope...

BACKGROUND Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a commonly encountered surgical disease that may be approached through a variety of operative techniques. Operative goals in the treatment of CSM include effective neural element decompression and maintaining spinal stability to avoid delayed deformity progression and neurologic compromise. Determining the most appropriate operative approach r...