نتایج جستجو برای: opec production level
تعداد نتایج: 1624907 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The membership structure matters to ensure a durable negotiating forum in an international organization. However, July 2017, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, on behalf of Organization Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), requested Indonesia reactivate its membership, which country had suspended—for second time—in November 2016. first suspension was January 2009—annulled Government (G...
H igh price volatility and the risk are the main features of commodity markets. One way to reduce this risk is to apply the hedging policy by future contracts. In this regard, in this paper, we will calculate the optimal hedging ratios for OPEC oil. In this study, besides the multivariate GARCH models, for the first time we use conditional copula models for modelling dependence struc...
In the past decades, a range of discussions has been formed on coalition theory in economics and international sciences. The focus of this discussion is that in the absence of a superior power, and while some players want to expand their authorities, is it possible to cooperate or not. These theories agree on the principle that if such condition be a sequential game, cooperation will be perma...
The impact of the financial crisis on the OPEC oil market is important to us as an important member of OPEC and an oil-exporting country with an oil-dependent economy. This study examines four networks, pre-financial crisis, US financial crisis, European debt crisis and post-financial crisis, using the contagion index and complex network for the period 2007-1-2 to 26-8-2019. The results show th...
The oil price and the real effective exchange rate (REER) are two important variables affecting OPEC countries politics and economy. Despite the fact that the existing theoretical literature confirms the relationship between oil price and the exchange rate (Dollar), there is no consensus about the direction of causality between these two variable. Also, statistical data shows that there is a sy...
بررسی تاثیر درآمد بر کیفیت زیست محیطی یکی از بحث های مهم در دهه 1990 بوده است. بسیاری ازمطالعات شیوه های مختلفی را برای تحلیل رابطه این دو با استفاده از شیوه های مختلف سنجش آلودگی ها و درآمد بکار گرفته اند. آنچه که امروزه مورد تایید بیشتر مطالعات بوده رابطه عکس u شکل بین درآمد و انتشار آلودگی ها یا کاهش کیفیت زیست محیطی می باشد. با توجه به این امر ، در این مقاله با استفاده از اصول اقتصاد خردی ،...
This paper proposes a partial equilibrium model to describe the global crude oil market. Pricing on the global crude oil market is strongly influenced by price indices such as WTI (USA) and Brent (Northwest Europe). Adapting an approach for pool-based electricity markets, the model captures the particularities of these benchmark price indices and their influence on the market of physical oil. T...
OBJECTIVE To assess the outcome of children older than one year with neuroblastoma treated at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the files of 52 children older than one year with neuroblastoma (NBL) treated at our center between September 1987 and May 2003. Treatment consisted of OPEC chemotherapy regimen (vincristine, cisplatin,...
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