The human pathogen Candida albicans can assume either of two distinct cell types, designated "white" and "opaque." Each cell type is maintained for many generations; switching between them is rare and stochastic, and occurs without any known changes in the nucleotide sequence of the genome. The two cell types differ dramatically in cell shape, colony appearance, mating competence, and virulence...

Modes of sexual reproduction in eukaryotic organisms are extremely diverse. The human fungal pathogen Candida albicans undergoes a phenotypic switch from the white to the opaque phase in order to become mating-competent. In this study, we report that functionally- and morphologically-differentiated white and opaque cells show a coordinated behavior during mating. Although white cells are mating...

The relationship between the configuration of the mating type locus (MTL) and white-opaque switching in Candida albicans has been examined. Seven genetically unrelated clinical isolates selected for their capacity to undergo the white-opaque transition all proved to be homozygous at the MTL locus, either MTLa or MTLalpha. In an analysis of the allelism of 220 clinical isolates representing the ...

It was recently demonstrated that strains homozygous for either of the mating type-like loci MTLa and MTLalpha of Candida albicans undergo white-opaque switching and that expression of the opaque-phase phenotype greatly enhances mating between strains. Exploiting the latter property to obtain high-frequency mating, we have characterized the cell biology of the mating process of C. albicans. Emp...

tIHE Council begs to present the seventy-second anntual report of the Society. Tlhe roll of the Society now stands as follows T'his 1Year Last Year Honorary Fellows 7 9 Life Fellows 13 11 Life MNem-nbers (under o0l regtulationis) 2 2 Fellowxs 274 243 Members 39 During the sessioni the Societv has lost by (leath Sir WN'illiam \Vhitla, M.A., MI.D., LL.D., Honorary Fellow, Presi(lent 1886-7, 1901-...

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Opaque selling is a mechanism whereby a seller conceals product or price information from buyers prior to purchase. Over time opaque intermediaries, such as Hotwire and Priceline.com, have emerged as an established distribution channel for the travel industry. The opaque channel has two countervailing effects: it can increase sales by attracting price-sensitive travelers who may otherwise not p...

Rendering refractive caustics from transparent objects on opaque objects is computationally intensive. This paper presents a fast rendering technique for transparent objects and refractive caustics due to transparent objects on the opaque object. To calculate the intensities of caustics, we set virtual planes around the opaque object and store the intensities of caustics on the virtual planes a...

BACKGROUND Colonic transit tests are used to manage patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. Some tests used expose patients to ionizing radiation. The aim of this study was to compare novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tests for measuring orocecal transit time (OCTT) and whole gut transit time (WGT), which also provide data on colonic volumes. METHODS 21 healthy volunteers pa...

Radio-opaque pellets (ROP) similar to those currently used to measure gastrointestinal transit time have been compared with chromium sesquioxide to assess their suitability for use as inert markers in the gut. Five healthy subjects took both markers with every meal for two separate three week periods while taking metabolically controlled diets. Overall recovery of both markers was satisfactory;...