Malingering relates to intentionally pretending or exaggerating physical psychologic symptoms gain an external incentive, such as avoiding work, law prosecution military service, seeking financial compensation from insurance companies. Accordingly, various techniques have been developed in recent years by the scientific community address this challenge. In review, we discuss malingering within ...

A conformational conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) is now recognized as the causal event of fatal neurodegenerative disorders, known as prion diseases. In spite of long-lasting efforts, however, the physiological role of PrP(C) remains unclear. It has been reported that PrP(C) is expressed in various areas of the olfactory system, including the olfactory epithelium, but its prec...

Decline in olfactory ability has been associated with aging as well as neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of this study was to gain fundamental insight into molecular events associated with the aging olfactory system. We report a comparative proteomic analysis of the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB) of old (80-week old) and young (6-week old) mice with further analysis of age...

INTRODUCTION Olfactory dysfunction develops in many neurodegenerative diseases, and is an early feature of the most common neurodegen-erative disorder, Alzheimer's disease (AD). 1–5 Anatomically, the central olfactory pathways traverse brain regions implicated in the common neurodegenerative diseases, including the mesial temporal and inferior frontal lobes. 6–10 Phenotypically, AD shows substa...

Gestational methyl donor deficiency (MDD) leads to growth retardation as well as to cognitive and motor disorders in 21-d-old rat pups. These disorders are related to impaired neurogenesis in the cerebral neurogenic areas. Olfactory bulbs (OB), the main target of neuronal progenitors originating from the subventricular zone, play a critical role during the postnatal period by allowing the pups ...

A major pathway by which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is removed from the cranium is transport through the cribriform plate in association with the olfactory nerves. CSF is then absorbed into lymphatics located in the submucosa of the olfactory epithelium (olfactory turbinates). In an attempt to provide a quantitative measure of this transport, 125I-human serum albumin (HSA) was injected into the ...

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is considered as one of the developmental difficulties caused by dysfunctions of the brain. There are a variety of symptoms with ASD, but these can be significantly improved by appropriate treatment and education. Thus, it is important to find the patients with ASD while young. Recently, research on the olfactory senses of patients with ASD is being done. It is r...

Background and Objectives Olfactory gustatory dysfunctions have been known as characteristic symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the study clinical features olfactory in COVID-19 is still insufficient. Subjects Method Mild patients who complained or telephone monitoring from March 8 to April 8, 2020 were included this study. Patient information was collected using a Google...

Olfactory disorders are one of the characteristic symptoms coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes infection and inflammation upper lower respiratory tract. To our knowledge, there no treatments for COVID-19-related olfactory disorder. Here, we report five disorder cases in COVID-19, treated using Japanese traditional (Kampo) medicine, kakkontokasenkyushin’i. We patients with mild COV...

Altered olfactory functions in patients with eating disorders have been reported with obesity, during hunger, following food ingestion and after bariatric surgery, but subsequent data have remained controversial. Methods: We investigated olfactory function (threshold, identification, discrimination) by Sniffin Sticks® in six independent studies: At baseline and 24 h and 48 h after a zero-calori...