Obesity is a major cardiovascular risk factor that has been associated with serious complications such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, and the development of cardiovascular disease. Adipokines, bioactive peptides and cytokines produced by adipose tissue, play important roles in glucose and lipid metabolism, cell viability, energy homeostasis, immunity and—most impo...

The Niger Delta, a sensitive ecosystem rich in biodiversity, has witnessed considerable violence as a result of the tense relationship among oil companies, the Nigerian state, and oil-bearing communities. Environmental damage from the extraction and movement of fossil fuels is a central point of dispute among the parties while the precise extent of ecological damage remains unknown. Drawing o...

Genetic algorithms (GAs) that solve hard problems quickly, reliably and accurately are called competent GAs. When the fitness landscape of a problem changes overtime, the problem is called non–stationary, dynamic or time–variant problem. This paper investigates the use of competent GAs for optimizing non–stationary optimization problems. More specifically, we use an information theoretic approa...