A retrospective evaluation of attitudinal, behavioural and knowledge change among diverse stakeholder groups was conducted in Limpopo Province of South Africa to assess the effectiveness of a series of values clarification (VC) interventions. Telephone and face-to-face interview (193) results revealed that over two-thirds (70.2%) reported behavioural changes and 93.2% reported increased compass...

Constraints on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and on cosmological parameters from conflicting deuterium observations in different high red-shift QSO systems are discussed. The high deuterium observations by Carswell et al., Songaila et al., and Rugers & Hogan is consistent with He and Li observations and Standard BBN (Nν =3) and allows Nν ≤ 3.6 at 95% C.L., but is inconsistent with local observ...

We investigate whether a small digital trace, gathered from simple repeated matrix game play data, can reveal fundamental aspects of a person’s sacred values or moral identity. We find correlations that are often counterintuitive on the surface, but are coherent upon deeper analysis. This ability to reveal information about a person’s moral identity could be useful in a wide variety of settings.

In many real-life design problems, there is a requirement to simultaneously balance multiple tasks or objectives in the system that are conflicting in nature, where minimizing one objective causes another to increase in value, thereby resulting in trade-offs between the objectives. For example, in embedded multi-core mobile devices and very large scale data centers, there is a continuous proble...

Decision making in environmental projects can be complex and seemingly intractable, principally because of the inherent trade-offs between sociopolitical, environmental, ecological, and economic factors. The selection of appropriate remedial and abatement strategies for contaminated sites, land use planning, and regulatory processes often involves multiple additional criteria such as the distri...

We present a cognitively motivated model of moral decisionmaking, MoralDM, which models psychological findings about utilitarian and deontological modes of reasoning. Current theories of moral decision-making extend beyond pure utilitarian models by including contextual factors that vary culturally. Our model employs both first-principles reasoning and analogical reasoning to implement rules of...