Background Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder with fluctuating muscle weakness, divided into generalized and localized (ocular) forms. Maternal antibodies to acetylcholine receptors cross the placenta and may cause transient neonatal myasthenia gravis (TNMG). We present a case of seronegative maternal ocular MG and delayed TNMG. Case A 29-year-old G3P1011 underwent cesarean birth ...

Aim: To describe multiple retinal abnormalities in a patient with Bloom syndrome, including early macular drusen, diabetic retinopathy, and the onset of leukaemic retinopathy. Methods: Clinical data were collected over 1 year of follow up, and ocular abnormalities in Bloom syndrome were reviewed from the literature. Results: A 39 year old man with a rare autosomal recessive ‘‘chromosome breakag...

CLINICAL CASE An 18 year-old-woman presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and ptosis in her left eye. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) and the study of cerebrospinal fluid detected no abnormalities. Colonoscopy revealed a Crohn's disease (CD) confirmed by histological examination of biopsies. Ocular symptoms improved after appropriate treatment of the underlying CD. DISCUSSION Infl...

Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is an age-related disorder of the extracellular matrix that leads the production of abnormal fibrillar material that leads to elevated intraocular pressure and a relatively severe glaucoma. Exfoliation material is deposited in numerous ocular tissues and extraocular organs. XFS is associated with ocular ischemia, cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease and ...

BACKGROUND Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder resulting from an abnormality of copper metabolism. The excessive accumulation of copper in the brain induces an extrapyramidal syndrome. Oculomotor abnormalities occur in most extrapyramidal disorders but have rarely been studied in Wilson's disease. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ocular motility manifestations of Wilson's dis...

RATIONALE Ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON) is a well-known complication that results from the use of ethambutol. The ocular manifestations of EON include painless loss of central vision and cecocentral scotomas in the visual field. PATIENT CONCERNS A 75-year-old Chinese Han man suffered from this rare ocular disorder because he took ethambutol for about 8 months. DIAGNOSES He was d...

BACKGROUND Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a rare disorder characterized by unilateral facial atrophy affecting the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, and sometimes extending to the osteocartilaginous structures. Ocular involvement is relatively rare. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a 23-year-old female caucasian patient with Parry Romberg syndrome and extensive ocular involvement: en...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obstructive sleep apnea is a diagnosis that ophthalmologists can screen for when a patient presents with certain risk factors. Recent literature provides strong data for associations between sleep apnea and ocular disorders. RECENT FINDINGS A potentially serious disorder, sleep apnea can lead to many systemic and ocular complications. Recent findings provide data on the prev...

Toxoplasmosis is a common ophthalmic disorder and is said to cause a considerable number of cases of posterior ocular inflammation. Different investigators have considered toxoplasmosis to be the cause of 16-70% of cases of posterior uveitis.l2 Subretinal neovascularisation is a clinical finding. It is seen in a variety of eye diseases, with the list of associated ocular disorders growing as fl...

The presenting symptoms of ocular myasthenia gravis are blepharoptosis and diplopia. These are the result of myasthénie weakening of the levator palpebrae and the extraocular muscles (external ophthalmoplegia), respectively." Blurring of near vision is a frequently as­ sociated symptom, which is due to a fatigue of accommodation (internal ophthalmoplegia)· Blurring of distant vision in ocular m...