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Protocol-based denial-of-service attacks are currently one of the greatest threats to survivability. Since they are implemented using the very protocols used for establishing communication, they often do not require any special special privileges on the part of the attacker. Moreover, since most existing protocols were not designed to be resistant to these types of attacks, they are often very ...

INTRODUCTION Core curricula including Ethics, Medico-legal issues, Socioeconomics, and Quality Improvement (QI) are relevant and significant for graduate medical education programmes, regardless of specialty. A lack of faculty expertise in these content areas is a frequently cited concern among specialty programmes in graduate medical education. We report the results of an institutional systems...

With the ICT technology making great progress in the smart home environment, the ubiquitous environment is rapidly emerging all over the world, but problems are also increasing proportionally to the rapid growth of the smart home market such as multiplatform heterogeneity and new security threats. In addition, the smart home sensors have so low computing resources that they cannot process compl...

Both data whlch we present for Tomales Bay (California, USA) and general geochemical reasoning provide evidence to suggest that nearshore marine env~ronments tend to be net heterotrophic by a small margin, and that these systems oxidize on the order of 1 % of their primary production by denitrification. The rate of denitrification can be interpreted to be a simple stoichiometric function of the...

Most aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are experiencing increased nutrient availability, which is affecting their structure and function. By altering community composition and productivity of consumers, enrichment can indirectly cause changes in the pathways and magnitude of material flows in food webs. These changes, in turn, have major consequences for material storage and cycling in the eco...

this study was conducted to choose the best species for plantation on a poor drainage soil in southern coast of caspian sea, iran. nutrient concentrations in live and senescent leaves and soil properties were compared among alnus subcordata c.a.mey (n-fixing tree), populus deltoides­ marsh. (non n-fixing tree)and taxodium distichum (l.) rich. (coniferous tree) plantations. in each of these plan...

At water resource recovery facilities, nutrient removal is often required and energy recovery is an ever-increasing goal. Pyrolysis may be a sustainable process for handling wastewater biosolids because energy can be recovered in the py-gas and py-oil. Additionally, the biochar produced has value as a soil conditioner. The objective of this work was to determine if biochar could be used to adso...