This paper describes simulations of the noise-power ratio (NPR) for a helix traveling wave tube (TWT) performed with the large-signal, one-dimensional (1-D), multifrequency code CHRISTINE. The results obtained with this code are in better agreement with measured values than are the more traditional values calculated by power series. We conclude that NPR simulations with large-signal codes have ...

The reactions that lead to the formation of the 42-electron cluster [PdCl(P(NPr(i)(2))(2))](3) from various sources of the [P(NPr(i)(2))(2)] moiety are investigated, and the structure of the triangulo cluster confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) control natriuresis and normalize changes in blood pressure. Recent studies suggest that NPs are also involved in the regulation of pain sensitivity, although the underlying mechanisms remain essentially unknown. Many biological effects of NPs are mediated by guanylate cyclase (GC)-coupled NP receptors, NPR-A and NPR-B, whereas the third NP receptor, NPR-C, lacks the ...

In heart failure, the renal responsiveness to exogenous and endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is blunted. The mechanisms of renal hyporesponsiveness to ANP are complex, but one potential mechanism is decreased expression of natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A) in inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells. Newly emerging evidence shows that glucocorticoids could produce potent diu...

We have shown in previous studies that high extracellular tonicity is associated with increased expression of the type A natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-A) and reduced expression of the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene in cultured rat inner-medullary collecting duct cells. The vasoactive peptide endothelin has been shown to be avidly expressed in this nephron segment, and to be subject to ...

Negative Poisson ratio (NPR) materials based on a re-entrant honeycomb structure expand in the direction perpendicular to an externally exerted tension. This feature makes NPR structures attractive for use in microsensors and actuators as versatile motion transformers. When implemented in microdevices, where slender and flexible micromachined elements are widely used, the NPR material can toler...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population and to validate an administrative diagnosis register, ie, the National Patient Register (NPR), and an electrocardiography (ECG) database in estimating disease prevalence. METHODS The study was conducted in a well defined region in northern Sweden (population n=75,945) whi...

Scythians were nomadic and semi-nomadic people that ruled the Eurasian steppe during much of the first millennium BCE. While having been extensively studied by archaeology, very little is known about their genetic identity. To fill this gap, we analyzed ancient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from Scythians of the North Pontic Region (NPR) and successfully retrieved 19 whole mtDNA genomes. We have id...

BACKGROUND Swedish population-based national health registers are widely used data sources in epidemiological research. Register-based diagnoses of Parkinson's disease have not been validated against clinical information. METHODS Parkinson's disease (PD) and other parkinsonian disorder diagnoses were ascertained in two registers, i.e. the National Patient Register (NPR) and the Cause of Death...

Wild isolates of Caenorhabditis elegans differ in their tendency to aggregate on food [1, 2]. Most quantitative variation in this behavior is explained by a polymorphism at a single amino acid in the G protein-coupled receptor NPR-1: gregarious strains carry the 215F allele, and solitary strains carry the 215V allele [2]. Although npr-1 regulates a behavioral syndrome with potential adaptive im...