BACKGROUND Human-to-swine transmission of the pandemic H1N1 2009 [A(H1N1)pdm09] virus in pig populations resulted in reassortment events with endemic swine influenza viruses worldwide. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether A(H1N1)pdm09-derived reassortant viruses are present in South Korea and sought to determine the pathogenic potential of the novel swine viruses. METHODS Pig lung tissues were...

Background: The clinical manifestations and outcome of influenza infection differ between various patients in the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical manifestations of patients with confirmed or suspected novel H1N1 flu infection in Sari, North of Iran. Methods: From September 2009 to January 2010, the patients’ data were collected by retrospective chart review of medica...

The recently emerged novel influenza A(H1N1) virus continues to spread globally. The clinical disease generally appears mild, but unfavorable outcomes have been reported. We describe a case of a 3-year-old Italian girl infected with influenza A(H1N1) virus presenting with neurologic deterioration. CT findings were negative, but MR imaging findings were consistent with ANE. To our knowledge, thi...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of altitude of residence on influenza A (H1N1). MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 207 135 officially notified of influenza-like illness (ILI) cases, 23 048 hospitalizations and 573 deaths during the first months of the novel pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus, to examine if residents of high altitude had more frequently these adverse outcomes. RESULTS Adjusted...

We report the first fatality caused by novel influenza A (H1N1) infection despite having the diagnosis confirmed and being given antiviral treatment after hospitalisation. This patient was also the first with influenza A (H1N1) to be supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in Hong Kong. Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an effective means of supporting patients with ref...

Host responses play crucial roles in defense against influenza but sometimes these may contribute to immunopathology. Potentially, this may be more important in disease caused by viruses such as avian influenza A H5N1 or the 1918 H1N1 influenza virus rather than with seasonal influenza or pandemic H1N1 2009 (pdmH1N1). Understanding pathogenesis will help develop novel therapeutic options that m...

It is clinically important to be able to detect influenza A/H1N1 virus using a fast, portable, and accurate system that has high specificity and sensitivity. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop a highly specific primer set that recognizes only influenza A viral genes and a rapid real-time PCR system that can detect even a single copy of the viral gene. In this study, we developed a...

Seasonal influenza virus has been described as an emerging and severe pathogen in immunocompromised hosts. Since the beginning of the 2009 influenza A novel H1N1 pandemic, several series have described the clinical course of the disease in various populations. We report the clinical course of H1N1 2009 infection in 10 immunocompromised patients. Half of the patients received long-term steroid t...

In 2009 two notable outbreaks, Q fever and the novel influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, occurred in The Netherlands. Using a composite health measure, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), the outbreaks were quantified and compared. DALYs were calculated using standardized methodology incorporating age- and sex-stratified data in a disease progression model; years lost due to disability and years of lif...

BACKGROUND Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 is a novel viral infection that emerged in March 2009. This is the first report addressing the clinical course of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and H1N1 infection. METHODS All patients with an influenza-like illness (ILI) attending our adult centre during July 2009 were identified. Baseline respiratory function, nutritional status, approach to ...