not flow in blocks). For example, if malfunction of the inspiratory valve results in decreased resistance, it is conceivable that more than half of the expiratory gases might enter the inspiratory limb. This, in conjunction with the gas mixing between carbon dioxide–containing expiratory gases and carbon dioxide–free fresh gases may cause the final portion of the inspiratory tidal volume to con...

Hypertension other resulted number death which tall also impact on expensive treatment and care that must be borne by the sufferer. It should noted hypertension has an decline quality of human life. If you have high blood pressure however no quick done control in a manner regular then what happens is it will even serious cases death. Nostril breathing technique closing one hole nose alternate. ...

Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) has gained wide acceptance and evidence in cleft therapy. However, standardized treatment protocols and experiences recorded from European centres are lacking. The results of 40 infants with cleft lip and palate treated with presurgical NAM according to the Grayson technique were analyzed. Standardized parameters of cleft width and nasal symmetry were measured in pre-...

Recently, the endonasal transsphenoidal approach has been widely used as the standard technique for pituitary surgery instead of the sublabial approach. However, using this approach involves potential conflicts between surgical instruments when entering the nostril and while working inside even with an endoscope. In patients with small nostril, it requires an additional tension release incision...

Ditta, aged about 35, a Mahomedan male, weaver by occupation and native of Moregah, a village a few miles distant from Itawul Tindee, applied to me as an out-patient on the 16th June, 1872, at 11 a.m., "with the right nostril considerably distended and accompanied by profuse hajmorrhage. He informed me that he is suffering much from the presence of a stone in the affected nostril, and gave the ...

We have compared four methods of topical anaesthesia of the nostril for fibreoptic airway endoscopy in a randomized study with 31 unpremedicated volunteers, each serving as his or her own control. Lignocaine spray, EMLA cream, three cotton swabs soaked in 4% lignocaine solution, or 2% lignocaine gel was applied in a nostril for 3 min. Application of lignocaine spray was rated as the most unplea...

There is evidence of the central regulation of intraocular pressure, and it has been suggested that vagal tone might be increased in glaucoma simplex. The nasal cycle, the simultaneous congestion-decongestion response in the nasal cavities, reflects the dynamic lateralisation of the autonomic nervous system. Since this lateralisation presents with sympathetic activity induced by left brain hemi...

Two experiments examined the trade-off between concentration and stimulus duration in nasal lateralization of n-ethyl alcohol. In nasal lateralization, a common measure of irritation threshold, subjects receive chemical vapor in one nostril and clean air in the other. Subjects try to determine which nostril received the chemical. Within experimental runs, subjects received fixed concentrations ...

  Abstract   Background: Iatrogenic airway injury after endotracheal intubation and tracheotomy   remains a serious clinical problem. In this study we reviewed post-intubation and traumatic tracheal stenosis in 47 patients with a special attention to the cause, hense surgical treatment of the stenosis was performed and the results compared with the literatures.   Methods: Since February 1995 th...