Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-the byproduct of regular cell activity formed by various cellular components—play a significant role in pathological and physiological conditions. Alternatively, antioxidants are compounds that reduce or scavenge reactive cells. An asymmetry between the antioxidant defense system ROS from intracellular extracellular sources cause chronic diseases such as cancer, in...

BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated the impact of vascular calcification on morbidity and mortality both in the general and chronic kidney disease populations. The process of vascular calcification involves complex mechanisms including the overexpression of genes and proteins associated with mineralization and increments of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Taking into account previous fi...

1. The tangent cone. We can estimate the directional derivative and gradient of a smooth function quickly and easily using finite difference formulas. While rather inaccurate, such estimates have some appeal, needing neither calculus rules nor even a closed-form expression for the function. In the variational geometry of sets, the role of derivatives and gradients are played by the cones of “ta...

The aim of this investigation was to assess the effect of different antioxidants on the motility andmembrane integrity of the ram semen during storage at 5ºC for 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs after collection anddilution. A total of 57 ejaculates from 12 Bakhtiary rams was collected by artificial vagina and were extended1 : 3 with egg yolk-citrate buffer, which was containing one of the following an...

Background: Iron overload can cause many complications and damage many organs as well as physiologic functions. Consumption of phetochemicals and flavonoids with iron chelating ability, instead of synthetic iron chelators, can be less harmful and more effective. The aim of this review is to investigate hydrophilic phytochelators in iron overload condition. Methods: In this review, the possible ...

We extend the random permutation model to obtain the best linear unbiased estimator of a finite population mean accounting for auxiliary variables under simple random sampling without replacement (SRS) or stratified SRS. The proposed method provides a systematic design-based justification for well-known results involving common estimators derived under minimal assumptions that do not require sp...