The paper is devoted to investigation of Bragg diffraction of light by ultrasound propagating in media possessing strong anisotropy of acoustic properties. It is shown that acoustic anisotropy of crystals influences on the process of light and sound interaction. In case of Bragg regime of acousto-optic interaction, intensity of diffracted light and frequency bandwidths of diffraction in the cry...

Scanning tunneling microscope images of the (100) surface. of slightly nonstoichiometric -magnetite taken at room temperature show static arrays of pairs of Fe” ions with short-range order, and a charge fluctuation time greater than lo3 s. The surface appears to be a Wigner glass with electron pairs localized on adjacent ions as the basic unit. The explanation of Wigner localization at room tem...

Background: The most common primary tumors of brain are gliomas. Grading of tumor is vital for designing proper treatment plans. The gold standard choice to determine the grade of glial tumor is biopsy which is an invasive method.Objective: In this study, we try to investigate the role of fractional anisotropy (diffusion anisotropy) and linear anisotropy ...

Anisotropy of the permeability tensor in statistically uniform porous media of sizes used in typical computer simulations is studied. Although such systems are assumed to be isotropic by default, we show that de facto their anisotropic permeability can give rise to significant changes of transport parameters such as permeability and tortuosity. The main parameter controlling the anisotropy is a...

Background: People occasionally undergo medical diagnostic X-ray examinations and expose their red blood cells to radiation. Radiation that is generated from medical diagnostic X-ray machines is widely used in medical diagnoses. One of the important parameters is kilo-voltage (kV) that is applied across the X-ray tube in medical diagnostic X-ray machines. Kilo-voltage influences the radiation d...

Anisotropy of sand is mainly due to the geometrical arrangement of particles that depends on the orientation of applied load respect to the bedding plane. It is geologically due to micro-fabric created by the arrangement of the particles configured during deposition. Most of the models develop using stress/strain invariants are not capable of identifying this kind of anisotropy. This is mainly ...

We question the global universe isotropy by probing the alignment of local structures in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. The original method proposed relies on a steerable wavelet decomposition of the CMB signal on the sphere. The analysis of the first-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe data identifies a mean preferred plane with a normal direction close to the CMB dipol...

Wide-angle synthetic aperture radar imaging presents numerous challenges, but also opportunities to extract object-level information. We present a methodology using an overcomplete dictionary and sparsifying regularization to characterize anisotropy (aspect-dependent scattering amplitude), and migration (aspectdependent scattering center spatial location), into the image formation process. We a...

The normal structure of human feet is optimized for shock dampening during walking and running. Foot binding was a historical practice in China aimed at restricting the growth of female feet for aesthetic reasons. In a bound foot the shock-dampening function normally facilitated by the foot arches is withdrawn, resulting in the foot functioning as a rigid extension of the lower leg. An interest...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons. A reliable, noninvasive, and objective imaging method of upper motor neuron involvement is critical for the early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression in ALS patients. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used to show differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) of wa...