IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a major cause of kidney failure worldwide. To date, at least 8 GWASs have been performed for IgAN with more than 30 susceptibility loci being discovered. GWAS-implicated variants are generally common that confer relatively small effects and lie within nonprotein-coding sequence, the cumulative these can only explain moderate amount overall risk IgAN. Up to today, few s...

Twelve nonprotein amino acids appear to be present in the Murchison meteorite. The identity of eight of them has been conclusively established as N-methylglycine, beta-alanine, 2-methylalanine, alpha-amino-n-butyric acid, beta-amino-n-butyric acid, gamma-amino-n-butyric acid, isovaline, and pipecolic acid. Tentative evidence is presented for the presence of N-methylalanine, N-ethylglycine, beta...