We show that the smallest non-cyclic quotients of braid groups are symmetric groups, proving a conjecture Margalit. Moreover we recover results Artin and Lin about classification homomorphisms from on n strands to k letters, where is at most n. Unlike original proofs, our method does not use Bertrand-Chebyshev theorem, answering question Artin. Similarly for mapping class group closed orientabl...

The carboxylic ionophores monensin and nigericin, at concentrations higher than 10 and 6 muM, respectively, prevent the penetration of the Semliki Forest virus (SFV) genome into the cytosol of baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells and thereby inhibit viral replication. In the absence of inhibitors, the entry of SFV is known to proceed by adsorptive endocytosis in coated vesicles, followed by acid-...

In this communication we discuss the development of ionophore based nanosensors for the detection and monitoring of histamine levels in vivo. This approach is based on the use of an amine-reactive, broad spectrum ionophore which is capable of recognizing and binding to histamine. We pair this ionophore with our already established nanosensor platform, and demonstrate in vitro and in vivo monito...

Ionophores such as valinomycin and nigericin are potent tools for studying the impact of ion perturbance on cellular functions. To obtain a broader picture about molecular components involved in mediating the effects of these drugs on yeast cells under respiratory growth conditions, we performed a screening of the haploid deletion mutant library covering the Saccharomyces cerevisiae nonessentia...

Several water-solubilized versions of the zinc ionophore 1-hydroxypyridine-2-thione (ZnHPT), synthesized as part of the present study, have been found both to increase the intracellular concentrations of free zinc and to produce an antiproliferative activity in exponential phase A549 human lung cancer cultures. Gene expression profiles of A549 cultures treated with one of these water-soluble zi...

This study explored the role of the proton motive force in the processes of DNA binding and DNA transport of genetic transformation of Bacillus subtilis 168 strain 8G-5 (trpC2). Transformation was severely inhibited by the ionophores valinomycin, nigericin, and 3,5-di-tert-4-hydroxybenzylidenemalononitrite (SF-6847) and by tetraphenylphosphonium. The ionophores valinomycin and nigericin also se...

The effects of age vs. diet, potassium level, tetramethylthiuram disulfide (thiuram), and ionophores in the diet on the development of tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers was investigated. Changing broiler chicks from a diet that induced tibial dyschondroplasia to one that reduced the disease or vice versa caused a change in the incidence in the direction of the last-fed diet; however, in most ...