In recent years, the use of millimeter-wave bands has been considered for radio communication systems between train and trackside. Millimeter-wave band waves are known to have strong linearity high attenuation on Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS). On other hand, it reported that they propagate NLoS by effects rails side walls in sections with tunnel sections. Therefore, we simulate evaluate influence cu...

Realistic human downlink exposure at 3.5 and 28 GHz to electromagnetic fields is evaluated for distributed collocated base stations using a hybrid ray-tracing/finite-difference time-domain method. For the first time, absorbed power density computed massive multiple-input multiple-output (DMaMIMO) 6G GHz. The results are compared with 5G stations. Computational costs drastically increased A larg...

The terahertz (THz) band offers a vast amount of still unallocated bandwidth, which makes it promising enabler for future sixth generation wireless systems. high frequencies the THz lead to significantly reduced multipath richness propagating signals. However, there are paths that can carry significant power. As result, small-scale fading characterization is particular interest and appropriate ...

THz band is envisioned to be used in 6G systems meet the ever-increasing demand for data rate. However, before an eventual system design and deployment can proceed, detailed channel sounding measurements are required understand key characteristics. In this paper, we present a first extensive set of urban outdoor environments that ultra-wideband, double-directional where both transmitter receive...

Increasing applications of mobile communication services makes the challenges in location estimation as a fundamental problem in many applications. There are error sources such as multipath fading, Non Line of Sight (NLoS) propagation and multi-user interferences that deteriorate the accuracy of location estimation. To mitigate this errors two approach is feasible, statistical methods and geome...

The high demand for multimedia applications in environmental monitoring, invasion detection, and disaster aid has led to the rise of wireless sensor network (WSN). With the increase of reliability and diversity of information streams, the higher requirements on throughput and quality of service (QoS) have been put forward in data transmission between two sensor nodes. However, lower spectral ef...

Wireless location has received considerable attention over the past few years. Many techniques, such as time-based methods (TOA and TDOA), AOA based methods, and Assisted-GPS, have been proposed. Time-based methods such as TOA and TDOA, are particularly exciting since they are sufficiently accurate for E911 under ideal conditions. However, several error sources, such as NLOS (Non-Line-Of-Sight)...

The multiple–input–multiple–output (MIMO) technique is the most attractive candidate to improve the spectrum efficiency in the next generation wireless communication systems. However, the efficiency of MIMO techniques reduces in the line of sight (LOS) environments. In this paper, we propose a new MIMO data transmission scheme, which combines Single–Frequency–Network (SFN) with TDD– OFDM–MIMO a...

In this letter, we propose a novel Fine-Tuned attribute Weighted Naïve Bayes (FT-WNB) classifier to identify the Line-of-Sight (LoS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) for UltraWide Bandwidth (UWB) signals in an Indoor Positioning System (IPS). The FT-WNB assigns each signal feature specific weight fine-tunes its probabilities address mismatch between predicted actual class. performance of is compare...

Ultra-wideband (UWB) time-of-flight (TOF)-based ranging information in a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environment can display significant forward errors, which directly affect positioning performance. NLOS has been major factor limiting the improvement of UWB accuracy and its application complex scenarios. Therefore, order to weaken influence indoor on further improve performance positioning, this ...