Appendix 2 Social Accounting Matrices The archetypes were built on the basis of aggregate information for a set of low income food importing countries in the three continents, and social structure coming from Social Accounting Matrices from Kenya for the Africa Archetype, Sri Lanka for the Asia archetype, and Ecuador for the Latin America archetype. The Africa archetype is based on aggregate in...

The objectives of this paper are to: 1) understand the characteristics of manufacturing firms associated with ISO 9000 quality control certification and to assess the support these relationships provide for different explanations of the phenomenon; and 2) use these empirical relationships to identify firms most likely to benefit from technical assistance regarding quality control: i.e., firms w...

The Lean philosophy is increasingly being implemented, both in industry and the public sector. Examples of this include Produktionslyftet (The Production Leap) and Verksamhetslyftet (an educational project helping hospitals and municipalities in their work to implement lean principles in their organizations), two larger programmes that have been researched by academia. For more information abou...

In this research, an improved psychrometer is developed to solve practical issues arising in the relative humidity measurement of challenging drying environments for meat manufacturing in agricultural and agri-food industries. The design in this research focused on the structure of the improved psychrometer, signal conversion, and calculation methods. The experimental results showed the effect ...

In this paper we have attempted to examine aspects of the competitive selection process, firms’ entry, survival and exit, in an important sector of Chinese manufacturing, looking in particular for changes resulting from the latest stage of reform, dubbed the transition to the “socialist market economy”. These dynamic processes may be becoming increasingly important for the continuing growth of ...

Presently lignin is used as fuel but recent interests in biomaterials encourage the use of this polymer as a renewable feedstock in manufacturing. The present study was undertaken to explore the potential applicability of microwaves to isolate lignin from agricultural residues. A central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the processing conditions for the microwave (MW)-assisted extrac...

The PEGS (Production and Environmental Generic Scheduler) program is a new generic scheduling program for manufacturing companies. It includes sort and search algorithms and can operate on the basis of elapsed time or economic values. Program performance is compared to a series of published benchmarks. The case study presented here illustrates the use of PEGS for a flow shop configuration at a ...

This paper employs a historical approach to address whether a country can avoid the middle-income trap. The development of the manufacturing sector and technological capacities are important for a country to avoid the middle-income trap. South Korea avoided the middleincome trap through developing the manufacturing sector. Argentina became a middle-income country by exporting agricultural goods...

Eighteenth-century American farms were family owned, family operated, and selfsufficient. At the same time, the fertility of the population inhabiting those farms was extremely high. These two characteristics of the rural population were mutually reinforcing. Selfsufficiency meant an absence of well-developed markets that, in turn, required reliance upon family-based mechanisms of reciprocity t...

A stylized fact of economic development is the structural transformation of countries from traditional, mainly agricultural societies to modern economies dominated by manufacturing and services. In this paper we provide an endogenous growth model to illuminate the role of entrepreneurial start-up firms in structural economic transformation. We follow the Lewis-model’s distinction between a trad...