There is increasing concern regarding the number of painful medical procedures that infants must undergo and the potential risks of alleviating infant pain with conventional pharmacologic agents. This article is Part I of a two-part series that aims to provide an overview of the literature on complementary and alternative (CAM) approaches for pain and distress related to medical procedures amon...

This note makes two comments on recent NNS models. First, it disputes the way physical capital has been introduced into these models arguing that this leads to the dubious postulate that the cost of adjusting physical capital stock is an order of magnitude lower than the cost of changing prices. Second it warns against a possible logical inconsistency whereby calibrated NNS models are implicitl...

This paper describes an analysis of introductory ‘it’ plus that-clause and to-clause complementation, structures said to be particularly important in academic English, in 288 research articles (RAs) across eight disciplines. We also examined NS/NNS differences as it has been asserted that NS use more and a greater variety of collocations, and that collocation is difficult for NNS. Previous rese...

The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is underutilized, in part, because its benefits have not been fully understood. We assessed the relationship of FIT values with cancer incidence and mortality, and explored how repeated administrations of FIT could aid clinicians. A cohort with 513,283 adults in Taiwan participated in a screening program between 1994 and the end of 2007. Colorectal cancer was...

Convolutional neural networks are used widely in natural language processing [2, 3], image recognition [4], and recommender systems [9]. And, while deep NNs have been used for protein function prediction [1, 5], we present a novel method of using a convolutional neural network to discriminate among a set of similar protein-encoding genes from amino acid sequences. Our CNN uses a method often se...

Nearest neighbour search (NNS) is an old problem that is of practical importance in a number of fields. It involves finding, for a given point q, called the query, one or more points from a given set of points that are nearest to the query q. Since the initial inception of the problem a great number of algorithms and techniques have been proposed for its solution. However, it remains the case t...

Since a protein's dynamic fluctuation inside cells affects the protein's biological properties, we present a novel method to study the ensemble of near-native structures (NNS) of proteins, namely, the conformations that are very similar to the experimentally determined native structure. We show that this method enables us to (i) quantify the difficulty of predicting a protein's structure, (ii) ...

Despite increasing applications of arti®cial neural networks (NNs) to forecasting over the past decade, opinions regarding their contribution are mixed. Evaluating research in this area has been dicult, due to lack of clear criteria. We identi®ed eleven guidelines that could be used in evaluating this literature. Using these, we examined applications of NNs to business forecasting and predicti...

As an extension of an intuitionistic fuzzy set, a single-valued neutrosophic set is described independently by the membership functions of its truth, indeterminacy, and falsity, which is a subclass of a neutrosophic set (NS). However, in existing exponential operations and their aggregation methods for neutrosophic numbers (NNs) (basic elements in NSs), the exponents (weights) are positive real...

This paper proposed a novel model for short term load forecast (STLF) in the electricity market. The prior electricity demand data are treated as time series. The model is composed of several neural networks whose data are processed using a wavelet technique. The model is created in the form of a simulation program written with MATLAB. The load data are treated as time series data. They are dec...