Over the past decades, the Tibetan Plateau has experienced pronounced warming, yet the extent to which warming will affect alpine ecosystems depends on how warming interacts with other influential global change factors, such as nitrogen (N) deposition. A long-term warming and N manipulation experiment was established to investigate the interactive effects of warming and N deposition on alpine m...

The emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrogen and sulphur oxides for electricity generation with coal and biomass co-firing are investigated and the furnace gas temperature assessed. The study uses simulation and considers fuel combinations based on two coals (bituminous coal, lignite) and four types of biomass (rice husk, sawdust, chicken litter, refused derived fuel). With increasing biomass, ...

This study explores the relationship between happiness and air pollution in Britain using data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS). The effects of air pollution on individuals’ happiness are estimated and their monetary value is calculated. In particular, three air pollutants are examined in this paper; the sulphur dioxide (SO2), the ground-level ozone (O3) and the nitrogen dioxides ...

Using standard thermodynamic data it is shown that the oxidation of glucose by nitrogen to give carbon dioxide and ammonia is an overall reaction that involves a substantial evolution of heat and decrease in free energy. This is not in accordance with literature statements that biological nitrogen fixation is endothermic. In the concluding section a Frost diagram is used to survey the thermodyn...

Details of coupling a catalytic reaction chamber to a liquid nitrogen-cooled cryofocuser/triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for online monitoring of nitric oxide (NO) photocatalytic reaction products are presented. Cryogenic trapping of catalytic reaction products, via cryofocusing prior to mass spectrometry analysis, allows unambiguous characterization of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrogen oxid...

Air pollution by nitrogen oxides represents a serious environmental problem in urban areas where numerous sources of these pollutants are concentrated. One approach to reduce the concentration of these air pollutants is their light-induced oxidation in the presence of molecular oxygen and a photocatalytically active building material which uses titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst. Herein, res...

Concentrations of black carbon and nitrogen dioxide have been collected concurrently using a MicrAeth AE-51 and an Aeroqual GSS NO(2) sensor. Forty five sampling events with a duration spanning between 16 and 22 hours have collected 10,800 5 min data in Birmingham (UK) from July to October 2011. The high temporal resolution database allowed identification of peak exposures and which activities ...

Climate change has profound influences on plant community composition and ecosystem functions. However, its effects on plant community composition and biomass production are not well understood. A four-year field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of warming, nitrogen (N) addition, and their interactions on plant community composition and biomass production in a temperate meadow ec...