BACKGROUND The 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU requirement for leucine is too low according to tracer-derived estimates of leucine oxidation and balance in adults from developed regions. OBJECTIVE The leucine requirement in populations in developing countries was assessed with use of the 24-h tracer balance method and on the basis of nitrogen balances. DESIGN Twenty healthy Indian men were studied during ...

BACKGROUND Thus far, there have been no controlled studies to examine optimal levels of energy provision in critically ill patients with acute renal failure (ARF) receiving artificial nutrition. METHODS After a 24 h nitrogen-free regimen (20% dextrose), we assigned during an open-label, AB/BA-crossover-trial, 10 ARF patients receiving both total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and renal replacemen...

The effect of soaking and roasting velvet beans (Mucuna pruriens) on nitrogen utilization and rumen microbial protein synthesis in goats was investigated. Sixteen goats were randomly assigned to four diets in a completely randomized design. Goats were fed a basal diet of Cynodon dactylon hay plus 30% soaked (treatment 1), 30% roasted (treatment 2) and 30% untreated velvet bean (treatment 3). Th...

abstract improving nitrogen use efficiency (nue) is an important objective of the agroecosystem management. a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different competition patterns on nitrogen balance in the wheat agroecosystem. experimental design was split–plot based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. the main plots consisted of different nitrogen rates (i.e. ...

Quantum chemical analysis shows aza-graphane isomers, with alternate C-H and N: sites as ideal organocatalysts; their kinetic stability arises from the tertiary orthoamide. DFT calculations give split-off bands originating from nitrogen lone-pairs with substantial mixing of hydrogen, indicating an optimal balance between nitrogen basicity and C-H activation through the anomeric effect.

We investigated how lactating cows are able to cope with a sustained water restriction. In experiment 1, body weight and meal patterns were recorded with ad libitum access to water (baseline) and during 8 days of 25 and 50% restriction of drinking water relative to ad libitum intake. In experiment 2, indirect calorimetry was combined with nitrogen and energy balance and plasma hormone and metab...

Based on the maize ecophysiological characteristics, the maize developping process-based cooperative models including growth model, developmental phase models, water balance model and nitrogen balance model etc. was built combined with the basic data such as variety characteristics, weather data, soil level and cultivation management with the technology support of system engineering method, cro...

BACKGROUND Intravenous infusions of glucose and amino acids increase both nitrogen balance and muscle accretion. We hypothesised that co-infusion of glucose (to stimulate insulin) and essential amino acids (EAA) would act additively to improve nitrogen balance by decreasing muscle protein degradation in association with alterations in muscle expression of components of the ubiquitin-proteasome ...

This study aimed to evaluate urea excretion, nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis in lactating goats fed with diets containing different protein sources in the concentrate (soybean meal, cottonseed meal, aerial part of cassava hay and leucaena hay). Four Alpine goats whose mean body weight was 42.6±6.1 kg at the beginning of the experiment, a mean lactation period of 94.0±9.0 days a...