objective: there are several factors, like environmental agents, neurotrophic factors, serotonin and some hormones such as estrogen, affecting neurogenesis and neural differentiation. regarding to importance of proliferation and regeneration in central nervous system, and a progressive increase in neurodegenerative diseases, cell therapy is an attractive approach in neuroscience. the aim of the...

Numerous studies have shown the positive effects of rosmarinic acid on the nervous system. Rosmarinic acid as a herbal compound with anti-inflammatory effects can prevent the destructive effect of inflammation on the nervous system. Furthermore, various studies have emphasized the advantages of three dimensional (3D) culture over the two dimensional (2D) culture of cells. In this study, thermos...

migration of cardiac neural crest cells into the pharyngeal arches and the pharyngeal and splanchnic mesoderm contributes to the development of the cardiac outflow tract. the adrenal cortex is derived from the splanchnic mesoderm. neuroblastoma is more prevalent in patients with congenital heart disease than in the general population, because both originate from embryonal neural crest-derived c...

background: in recent years, adipose tissue, due to the stem cells contained within, has found a new special place in laboratory and clinical applications. these adipose‑derived stem cells (adscs) have the same characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmscs). although bone marrow (bm) is not easily accessible and its procurements may be painful, most patients possess excess fat wh...

The complexity of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the incompetence of a large number of promise treatments in MS urge us to plan new and more effective therapeutic approaches that aim to suppress ongoing autoimmune responses and induction of local endogenous regeneration. Emerging data propose that hematopoietic, mesenchymal and neural stem cells have the potential to restore self-tolerance, to pro...

the complexity of multiple sclerosis (ms) and the incompetence of a large number of promise treatments in ms urge us to plan new and more effective therapeutic approaches that aim to suppress ongoing autoimmune responses and induction of local endogenous regeneration. emerging data propose that hematopoietic, mesenchymal and neural stem cells have the potential to restore self-tolerance, to pro...

although spinal cord injury (sci) is one of the most common injuries after a road accident, there is no definite treatment for it. in this regard, nanotechnology has focused to retrieve damaged tissue function by designing of a biomaterial as a mimicking extracellular matrix to reduce inflammation, scar and lactate dehydrogenase, to fill the cyst and improve the graft integration, cell prolifer...

accurate estimation of hydrocarbon volume in a reservoir is important due to future development and investment on that reservoir. estimation of oil and gas reservoirs continues from exploration to end of reservoir time life and is usual upstream engineer’s involvements. in this study we tried to make reservoir properties models (porosity and water saturation) and estimate reservoir volume hydro...