Inflammatory joint diseases are characterized by enhanced extracellular matrix degradation which is predominantly mediated by cytokine-stimulated upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. Besides tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) produced by articular chondrocytes and synovial macrophages, is the most important cytokine stimulating MMP expre...

BACKGROUND The common nettle (Urtica dioica L.) is co-associated with willows (Salix spp.) in riparian habitats across Europe. We sampled the widespread nettle psyllid, Trioza urticae (Linné, 1758), from Urtica in willow habitats on a megatransect of Europe from the Aegean to the Arctic Ocean. The aim of this study was to use an unusually widespread insect to assess the influence of geographic ...

The venom of Chrysaora quinquecirrha (sea nettle) contains several toxins that have bioactivity in mammals. In our study we aimed to extract proteins from Chrysaora quinquecirrha and to test the antioxidant potential of both crude protein and purified fractions. Proteins extracted from sea nettle nematocyst venom were purified through Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. The molecular weight o...

The objective of this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of nettle on performance, egg quality, blood biochemical and immunity parameters of laying hens. This study was carried out with 300 of Hyline (W36) hens in 5 treatment groups, 3 repetitions and 20 hens for each group. The groups were T1) Control group, T2, T3, T4, and T5 0.75%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% nettle powder respectively. As com...