Tetanus is a disease caused by tetanospasmin produced by Clostridium tetani, a noninvasive grampositive anaerobic bacillus. Tetanospasmin is taken up by the neuronal end plates and irreversibly inhibits release of the neurotransmitter, gamma-aminon-butyric acid (GABA), at the synaptic junction, leading to muscle spasms. Different forms of tetanus exist: generalized, cephalic, localized, and neo...

To monitor progress toward maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination (MNTE) in Cambodia, we conducted a nationwide serosurvey of tetanus immunity in 2012. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select 2,154 women aged 15 to 39 years. Tetanus toxoid antibodies in serum samples were measured by gold-standard double-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAE) and a novel multiplex bead assay ...

Maternal immunization is increasingly being recognized as an important platform for the prevention of severe maternal and infant morbidity and mortality from vaccine preventable diseases. Since the 1980s, the widespread use of tetanus toxoid vaccines for pregnant women in developing countries has had a major impact on the burden of neonatal tetanus, with WHO estimating a 94% global reduction in...

...................................... ......... i A. INTRODUCTION ........................................... 1 B. SOURCES OF DATA ........................................ 1 C. ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS ............................... 2 D. CLINICAL FEATURES ....................................... 2 D . 1. Incubation .......................................... 2 D.2. Symptoms and complications ....

Introduction Nigeria remains among the few countries that are yet to achieve eradication of neonatal tetanus in the world despite the availability of an effective vaccine. This study investigated immunity against tetanus in primiparous mothers and neonates at birth, and identified associated factors. Methods This cross-sectional study involved consecutive selection of 244 primiparous mother-n...

BACKGROUND Most of the global neonatal deaths occur in developing nations, mostly in rural homes. Many of the newborns who receive formal medical care are treated in rural district hospitals and other peripheral health centres. However there are no published studies demonstrating trends in neonatal admissions and outcome in rural health care facilities in resource poor regions. Such information...

group with otorrhea (26.3%). The average incubation period – recorded in 78 cases where the information was available – was 13.4 days with maximum deaths observed in cases with incubation period < 7 days. Besides short incubation period, onset of spasms within 24 hours of illness, severe spasms and temperature >99 oF within 24 hours of admission were the factors associated with grave prognosis....

BACKGROUND The morbidity and mortality pattern amongst neonates admitted into the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital were reviewed from 1st June 2003 to 30th November 2004. RESULTS The major indications for admission for inborn babies were infections (27.4%), jaundice (21%) and low birth weight (LBW) (18.4%). The out born babies were admitted largely for sepsis (26.8%), jaundice (17.7%),...

Neonatal tetanus is a serious but preventable disease of the newborn. The WHO has been coordinating efforts aimed at the elimination of the disease globally by reducing the incidence of NNT to less than one case per 1000 live births in every district of the world. Despite the efforts, the disease is still highly prevalent in Nigeria as the country is among the nations that contribute about 90% ...