An artificial protocol called the “ffgg” protocol is constructed, with a parallel attack exposing a secret data item. It is proved that a parallel attack is necessary, because the protocol is shown to be secure under non-parallel attacks. We use an inductive approach in the PVS verification environment.

In this paper, we investigate the environmental performance of lean supply chains using carbon dioxide emissions as the key performance indicator. Lean is based on the premise that compressing time reveals hidden quality problems and that their resolution leads to more efficient, cost-effective business processes. If time compression always implies lower emissions, then a leaner system is alway...

We consider soft constraint problems where some of the preferences may be unspecified. This models, for example, situations with several agents providing the data, or with possible privacy issues. In this context, we study how to find an optimal solution without having to wait for all the preferences. In particular, we define an algorithm to find a solution which is necessarily optimal, that is...

In this paper, the problem under consideration is multiobjective non-linear fractional programming problem involving semilocally convex and related functions. We have discussed the interrelation between the solution sets involving properly efficient solutions of multiobjective fractional programming and corresponding scalar fractional programming problem. Necessary and sufficient optimality...

tripropylammonium fluorochromate(vi) (tpafc), is an efficient and new reagent, which isprepared easily and oxidizes thiols to the corresponding disulfides, quickly. the reactions areperformed cleanly and are controlled to stop at the disulfide stage, without over-oxidation andside products. coupling of thiols to their corresponding disulfides, are studied in solution atroom temperature and in s...

in this paper, we introduce the new class of implicit l-stable generalized hybrid methods forthe numerical solution of first order initial value problems. we generalize the hybrid methodswith utilize ynv directly in the right hand side of classical hybrid methods. the numericalexperimentation showed that our method is considerably more efficient compared to wellknown methods used for the numer...

A mild and efficient method for the oxidative coupling of thiols by trimethylammonium fluorochromate(TriMFC) in solution is reported. Trimethylammonium fluorochromate is efficient and new reagent, whichprepares easily and oxidizes thiols to the corresponding disulfides quickly. The reactions perform cleanly andcontrolled to stop at the disulfide stage without over-oxidation side products.

in this paper, newton harmonic balance method (nhbm) is applied to obtain the analytical solution for an electron beam injected into a plasma tube where the magnetic field is cylindrical and increases towards the axis in inverse proportion to the radius. periodic solution is analytically verified and consequently the relation between the natural frequency and the amplitude is obtained in an ana...