Crafting an adequate and cohesive global response to climate change has presented a monumental challenge. Fairly distributing responsibility, the concept of common but differentiated responsibilities for action, been key obstacle. Traditionally, responsibility focused on nation-state, yet these methods allocation have failed in their goal; drive effective action respond social environmental con...

Abstract This paper examines the relationship between coming of railroads, expansion primary education, and introduction national school curricula. Using fine-grained data on local education outcomes in Sweden nineteenth century, tests idea that development railroad network enabled inspectors to monitor remote schools more effectively. In localities which could travel by rail, a larger share ch...