A woman in her 50s was referred to our department with the chief complaint of nasal congestion and pharyngeal discomfort. The patient had been diagnosed with sleep apnea at the Department of Internal Medicine, and had undergone nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) therapy, but her response to the treatment was poor. A cystic lesion occupying the nasopharynx, which was detected by n...

OBJECTIVE To compare the outcomes of preterm infants with respiratory distress initiated on either Heated Humidified High Flow Nasal Cannula or Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure as a primary mode of respiratory support. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING Tertiary care level III neonatal intensive care unit. PARTICIPANTS 88 preterm infants between 28 to 34...

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) during sleep may be a useful adjunct to medical therapy in patients with stable severe congestive heart failure (CHF), particularly when there is a coexisting respiratory sleep disorder. However, the direct haemodynamic effects of NCPAP in patients with severe stable CHF have not yet been adequately assessed. Right heart catheter studies were pe...

Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) often hypoventilate during sleep with marked falls in oxygen saturation (SaO2%). This occurs most commonly during REM sleep, when there is a reduction in rib cage excursion and a fall in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV). The aim of this study was to examine the effect of nocturnal nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) on SaO2 and the respiratory d...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure delivered by Nasal mask vs Nasal prongs with respect to continuous positive airway pressure failure. STUDY DESIGN Randomized, controlled, open label, trial. SETTING Tertiary care level III neonatal unit. PARTICIPANTS 118 preterm infants-gestational age (27-34 weeks) requiring nasal continuous positive airw...

Mandibuloacral dysplasia (MAD; MIM 248370, 608612) is a rare progeroid syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance. It is characterized by mandibular hypoplasia, acroosteolysis, delayed closure of the cranial sutures, skin atrophy with mottled hyperpigmentation, stiff joints, and growth retardation. We here report Japanese female siblings with a severe MAD phenotype. Because of extreme microg...

BACKGROUND High-flow nasal cannulae (HFNC) are gaining in popularity as a form of non-invasive respiratory support for preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units around the world. They are proposed as an alternative to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in a variety of clinical situations, including post-extubation support, primary therapy from birth and 'weaning' from NCPA...

BACKGROUND Initial ventilation strategy may play an important role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants. Early nasal continuous positive airway pressure is an accepted approach, but randomized clinical trials are lacking. Our aim was to determine whether early nasal continuous positive airway pressure, preceded by a sustained inflation, is more effective and ...

Background: Upper airway side effects are common during nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) treatment and may affect the use of nCPAP. Objectives: It was our aim to evaluate the prevalence of upper airway symptoms in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients before and during nCPAP treatment and to assess the possible association between the symptoms and long-term adherence...