results the results showed that there was a significant difference between age, marital status, drug type used and length of abstinence with domains of qol (p = 0.001). conclusions the findings of the current study show that consistent participation in na self-help groups can significantly lead to an increase in qol. further research is recommended to find out causal relationships between parti...

Law number 35/2009 on Narcotics regulates the special minimum punishment. However, judges violate criminal limit, causing legal certainty and justice friction. This article examines in consideration of punishing narcotics crime cases. research uses normative empirical approaches through literature, document analysis, case studies, resource person interviews. Based results discussion, it is conc...

narcotics, have been utilized in the postoperative period in an attempt to provide adequate analgesia. Patients undergoing intrathoracic or intraabdominal procedures or both have been treated with intercostal block therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stiinulation, or cryotherapy. Spinal narcotics and patientcontrolled narcotic analgesia have also been used to treat postoperative pain. Each...