RATIONALE Acute doses of buprenorphine can precipitate withdrawal in opioid dependent persons. The likelihood of this withdrawal increases as a function of the level of physical dependence. OBJECTIVES To test the acute effects of sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone tablets in volunteers with a higher level of physical dependence. The goal was to identify a dose that would precipitate withdrawal...

BACKGROUND Kisspeptin and naloxone stimulate the reproductive axis while morphine inhibits its function. We have investigated the effect of central injection of kisspeptin-10 on mean plasma testosterone concentration in morphine or naloxone pretreated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 60 male Wistar rats that were divid- ed into 12 groups (n=5 per group) received saline,...

BACKGROUND It is not known whether naloxone is as efficacious as epinephrine during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of the study was to compare the effects of naloxone and epinephrine on the outcomes of CPR following asphyxial cardiac arrest in rats. METHODS Cardiac arrest was induced with asphyxia by clamping the tracheal tubes. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized pr...

Naloxone is a non-selective, short-acting opioid receptor antagonist that has a long clinical history of successful use and is presently considered a safe drug over a wide dose range (up to 10 mg). In opioid-dependent patients, naloxone is used in the treatment of opioid-overdose-induced respiratory depression, in (ultra)rapid detoxification and in combination with buprenorphine for maintenance...

In order to test the hypothesis that endogenous opiates are at least partially responsible for hyperinsulinaemia in patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), the effect of naloxone (an opiate receptor blocker) on the insulin response to oral glucose load (OGTT) was studied in 20 women with PCOD and 17 control subjects at days 5-8 of their follicular phase. After fasting overnight for 10-...

Background Addictive-like behaviors (e.g., hoarding and shopping) may be the result of the cumulative effects of dopaminergic and other neurotransmitter genetic variants as well as elevated stress levels. We, therefore, propose that dopamine homeostasis may be the preferred goal in combating such challenging and unwanted behaviors, when simple dopaminergic activation through potent agonists may...

INTRODUCTION Naloxone is a medication that is frequently administered in the field by paramedics for suspected opioid overdoses. Most prehospital protocols, however, require this medication to be given to patients intravenously (i.v.) or intramuscularly (i.m.). Unfortunately, intravenous line placement may be problematic and time-consuming in chronic i.v. drug users. There may also be a delay i...

An oral, fixed-dose combination of prolonged-release (PR) oxycodone with PR naloxone (Targin(®), Targiniq(®), Targinact(®); hereafter referred to as oxycodone/naloxone PR) is approved in Europe for the second-line symptomatic treatment of patients with severe to very severe idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS), after failure of dopaminergic therapy. Coadministration of naloxone represents a ...

Naloxone is a medication that reverses respiratory depression from opioid overdose if given in time. Paramedics routinely administer naloxone to opioid overdose victims in the prehospital setting, and many states are moving to increase access to the medication. Several jurisdictions have expanded naloxone administration authority to nonparamedic first responders, and others are considering that...

Extracellular and intracellular microelectrode studies were conducted to test the actions and interactions of naloxone and naltrexone, two supposedly "pure" opiate antagonists. Both were shown to depress excitability and action potential production when applied in relatively high concentrations. Low naltrexone concentrations antagonized the depression produced by naloxone, but low naloxone conc...