using mutation specific pcr assay and analysis of position 108 amino acid in dihydrofolate reductase-thymidilate synthase gene in 70 plasmodium falciparum isolates of malarial patients from southern areas of iran, showed 4 different situations: iwild type (108-ser) ii-mutant type (108-thr) iii-mutant type (108-asn) and iv-mixed wild and mutant type (108-ser+thr) with frequency of 58(82.8%), 2(2...

background: nosocomial infections are an important cause of hospital mortalities. staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) carriers among medical staff are an important source of nosocomial infections. the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the nasal carriers of s. aureus and antibiotic resistance in staff of nikuee hospital, qom, iran. materials and methods: in this cross-sect...

Membrane currents were examined in a drug-sensitive human leukemia cell line (K562) and its multidrug-resistant cell line (K562/ADM) under the whole-cell variation of the patch electrode voltage clamp technique. Most K562 cells showed only the outward current, which was completely suppressed by internal Cs+ ions and 20 mM ethyleneglycol bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid. In ...

drug resistance (especially multiple drug resistance) in mycobacterium tuberculosis makes global concerns in treatment and control of tuberculosis. rapid diagnosis of drug resistant strains of the bacteria has vital importance in the prognosis of the disease. the aim of this study was to identify the mutations responsible for drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains derived from pa...

impurities of drug substances may produce some side effects in patient. diclofenac na is a member of non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (nsaids) family, which is routinely used by patients for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and various pains. to develop a method for the determination of synthetic precursors which could be remained as impurities in raw drug materials, na diclofenac pow...

INTRODUCTION Resistance in nucleoside/nucleotide analog (NA) therapy has always been a challenge in the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). CLINICAL STUDIES Initially developed for the treatment of HIV infection, early in vitro and clinical observational studies had shown tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to be also active against CHB. Recent data from various multicenter phase 3 and 4...

Gillman, A. 2016. Tamiflu in the Water. Resistance Dynamics of Influenza A Virus in Mallards Exposed to Oseltamivir. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1184. 114 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9484-1. The natural reservoir of influenza A virus (IAV) is wild waterfowl, and all human IAVs have their genetic origins f...

The potassium-sparing diuretic amiloride has proven to be a useful pharmacological tool for elucidating the molecular basis and physiological regulation of facilitated sodium entry in tissues and cells. There are two general classes of Na+ transport mechanisms which are sensitive to this drug: 1) a conductive Na+ entry pathway found in electrically high resistance epithelia and 2) a Na+-H+ elec...

conclusions all the staphylococcus aureus strains and enterococcus faecium strains were sensitive to members of the oxazolidinone class of linezolid drug. development of multi drug resistance by gram positive bacteria constitutes a very serious challenge for medical practice. despite these rising rates, it is impossible to distinguish where they have originated from and special attention has th...